Electrochemical and thermal synthesis of Nb3Sn coatings on Nb substrates

Lu, Ming; Pan, Feng; Guo, Hao; Huang, Shijie; Yang, Ziqin; Chu, Qingwei; Liu, Fengqiong; Wu, Aoli; Tan, Teng

doi:10.1016/j.matlet.2021.129557

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…We used the Voronoi tessellation method to construct the polycrystalline model, with an average grain size of about 50 nm. The grains were periodically repeated in three coordinate directions, with their centers and orientations randomly distributed, consistent with the typical grain size range (30-200 nm) observed in Nb 3 Sn coatings used for SRF applications [32,33].…”

Section: Simulation Modelssupporting

confidence: 54%

Insights on grain boundary effects on crack formation and propagation in Nb₃Sn coatings at low temperature and high strain rates: a molecular dynamics simulation study

Zhu,

Xiao,

Yang

et al. 2023

Supercond. Sci. Technol.

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Mechanical behavior of Nb3Sn coatings is inherently correlated with the anti-interference ability of the superconducting cavity system and the amplitude and phase stability of the cavity field. We report on atomic-scale simulation and analysis of grain boundary effects on the crack formation and propagation in Nb3Sn coatings at low temperature and high strain rates. For tensile-deformed single crystal Nb3Sn, accompanied by the occurrence of slips, micro voids propagate along the (2-10) and (210) planes (stretching the crystal along the [100] direction), and subsequently coalesce, leading to the cracks formation. For tensile-deformed single-crystal Nb3Sn coating on Nb substrate, it fails by crack propagation in the coating before showing significant yielding plateaus. In the Nb3Sn coating, the slip bands on the (201) and (2-01) planes meet and merge, inducing the breaking of atomic bonds and the formation of voids at the slip band intersections, and the subsequent micro-crack initiation. The misfit dislocations of Nb3Sn/Nb heterostructure interface and the dislocations nucleated on slip systems control the plastic deformation of the Nb substrate, causing the BCC-to-FCC and FCC-to-HCP phase transformation in the substrate, for which, ductile fracture occurs after necking. For polycrystalline Nb3Sn coating on Nb substrate, the simulations demonstrate that cracks propagate entirely along grain boundaries, exhibiting the intergranular fracture characteristics. The composite exhibits a significant strain rate effect. At high strain rates, crack propagation across grain boundaries in Nb3Sn is hindered, dislocations are emitted into the both adjacent grains from the grain boundary facets, they glide across the grain, and voids are nucleated at the intersections of dislocations inside the grains, which leads to the formation of voids and ultimately the occurrence of trans-crystalline fracture. The findings provide important information about the crack evolution in Nb3Sn coatings, which are critical to the fabrication and performance analysis of Nb3Sn superconducting radio frequency cavities.

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Section: Simulation Modelssupporting

confidence: 54%

Insights on grain boundary effects on crack formation and propagation in Nb₃Sn coatings at low temperature and high strain rates: a molecular dynamics simulation study

Zhu,

Xiao,

Yang

et al. 2023

Supercond. Sci. Technol.

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“…The electrolyte is the same as that used for small-sample preparation, and the details of sample experiments can be found in our previous report. [16] The deposition system is similar to a standard cavity EP system. [17] The total current for electroplating was kept constant at 2.1 A, resulting in an average electroplating rate of 15 nm/min.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To obtain a high-quality Nb3Sn surface, we removed the surface residue bronze layer by electropolishing (similar to the samples in Ref. [16]), and observed the cavity's inner wall to ensure the complete removal, then rinsed it with a large amount of DI water.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Performance of the First Nb₃Sn Thin-Film Cavity via Bronze Process

Lu¹,

Luo²,

Pan³

et al. 2022

Chinese Phys. Lett.

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Low-temperature synthesis of Nb$_3$Sn thin film on a cavity is of great significance for the industrialization of superconducting RF cavities.The bronze process can grow phase-pure Nb$_3$Sn at 700 $^\circ$C, making it very promising to synthesize a Nb$_3$Sn thin-film cavity at low temperature. In this work, we have successfully fabricated the world's first Nb$_3$Sn thin-film cavity via the bronze process. We solved the technical problems for the precursor preparation, and characterized the uniformity of the Nb$_3$Sn film by testing the performance of samples distributed in the cavity. During the vertical test, a $Q_0$ value of 1.2$\times10^{9}$ was obtained at 4.2 K, higher than that of a bulk niobium cavity under the same conditions. This result means that the preparation of Nb$_3$Sn via the bronze process can potentially lead to copper-based Nb$_3$Sn thin-film cavities, which can substantially improve the SRF cavity performance and promote its practical applications.

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Electrochemical and thermal synthesis of Nb3Sn coatings on Nb substrates

Cited by 2 publications

References 9 publications

Insights on grain boundary effects on crack formation and propagation in Nb₃Sn coatings at low temperature and high strain rates: a molecular dynamics simulation study

Insights on grain boundary effects on crack formation and propagation in Nb₃Sn coatings at low temperature and high strain rates: a molecular dynamics simulation study

Development and Performance of the First Nb₃Sn Thin-Film Cavity via Bronze Process

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Electrochemical and thermal synthesis of Nb3Sn coatings on Nb substrates

Cited by 2 publications

References 9 publications

Insights on grain boundary effects on crack formation and propagation in Nb3Sn coatings at low temperature and high strain rates: a molecular dynamics simulation study

Insights on grain boundary effects on crack formation and propagation in Nb3Sn coatings at low temperature and high strain rates: a molecular dynamics simulation study

Development and Performance of the First Nb3Sn Thin-Film Cavity via Bronze Process

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Product

Resources

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Insights on grain boundary effects on crack formation and propagation in Nb₃Sn coatings at low temperature and high strain rates: a molecular dynamics simulation study

Insights on grain boundary effects on crack formation and propagation in Nb₃Sn coatings at low temperature and high strain rates: a molecular dynamics simulation study

Development and Performance of the First Nb₃Sn Thin-Film Cavity via Bronze Process