Electrochemical and corrosion behavior of metals in solutions of weak acids and salts of weak acids

Beleevskii, V. S.; Kudelin, Yu. I.; Lisov, S. F.; Timonin, V. A.

doi:10.1007/bf00723646

Mater Sci

1991

DOI: 10.1007/bf00723646

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Electrochemical and corrosion behavior of metals in solutions of weak acids and salts of weak acids

V. S. Beleevskii¹,

Yu. I. Kudelin²,

S. F. Lisov³

et al.

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Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…13,[15][16][17][18] Carbonic acid solutions are more corrosive to carbon steel than solutions of the stronger acids ͑e.g., HCl͒ at the same pH value because the latter exhibit no buffering effect. 21 Although the exact mechanism of CO 2 corrosion depends on the environmental conditions ͑temperature, pressure, pH, and presence of salt͒, certain general features have been established. Some of the reactions are [22][23][24][25] CO 2 dissolution in water…”

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confidence: 99%

Iron Corrosion in CO[sub 2]/Brine at Low H[sub 2]S Concentrations: An Electrochemical and Surface Science Study

Abelev

Ramanarayanan

Bernasek

2009

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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The effect of H 2 S at the parts per million level on the early stage of iron corrosion in 3 wt % NaCl solutions saturated with CO 2 is investigated using electrochemical and surface science techniques. Small H 2 S concentrations ͑5 ppm͒ have an inhibiting effect on corrosion in the presence of CO 2 . At higher H 2 S concentrations ͑up to 500 ppm͒, the corrosion rate is higher but below the H 2 S-free case. The characterization of the iron surfaces after corrosion uses photoelectron spectroscopy and electron microscopy. For Fe exposed to H 2 S-containing solutions, a sulfur peak ͑S 2p͒ appears at a binding energy of 162.1 eV, attributable to disulfide ͑S 2 2− ͒ adsorption. The Fe 2p 3/2 peak attributed to Fe͑II͒ at the surface shifts by about 1 eV in the presence of 5 ppm H 2 S compared to the H 2 S-free case due to bonding of Fe to S and O. At higher H 2 S concentrations, the formation of a S-rich surface is indicated. Morphological changes are observed on the iron surface after exposure to H 2 S-containing solutions. A thin protective film forms at 5 ppm H 2 S, while at higher H 2 S concentrations a thicker, more porous surface phase forms. A mechanism for corrosion inhibition of iron in different concentrations of H 2 S in CO 2 /brine is proposed.In the search for new sources of oil and gas, operational activities have moved to harsher environments in deeper high pressure/high temperature wells and remote offshore locations. This has created increased challenges to the economy of project development and execution where operational integrity and an accurate prediction of material performance are becoming paramount. The economic move toward multiphase transportation through subsea completions and long in-field flow lines has increased the risk of corrosion. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] Corrosion, therefore, remains a major operational obstacle to successful hydrocarbon production, and its optimum control and management is regarded essential for the cost-effective design of facilities and their safe operations. This has wide-ranging implications on the integrity of many materials used in the petroleum industry. 1-9 Oilfield corrosion manifests itself in several forms, among which CO 2 corrosion ͑sweet corrosion͒ and H 2 S corrosion ͑sour corrosion͒ in the produced fluids and oxygen corrosion in water injection systems are by far the most prevalent forms of attack encountered in oil and gas production. The majority of oilfield failures result from CO 2 corrosion of carbon and low alloy steels primarily due to inadequate knowledge and predictive capability and the insufficient resistance of carbon and low alloy steels to this type of attack. 1-12 The understanding, prediction, and control of this corrosion are key challenges to sound facilities design, operation, and subsequent integrity assurance.CO 2 corrosion..-CO 2 corrosion, or "sweet corrosion," of carbon and low alloy steels is not a new problem. It was first recorded in the U.S. oil and gas industry in the 1940s, followed by several studies since then. 1-8 A...

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Iron Corrosion in CO[sub 2]/Brine at Low H[sub 2]S Concentrations: An Electrochemical and Surface Science Study

Abelev

Ramanarayanan

Bernasek

2009

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…[7,8] Corrosion is a common chemical/electrochemical process that almost all metals will experience when exposed to an oxidating environment. [9,10] During the corrosion, the fresh metal surface will be oxidized, followed by the formation of its corresponding ionic species and the release of electrons. [11,12] The corrosion is usually accompanied by the generation of a passivating layer which blocks the transfer of the electrons and eventually stops the continuous oxidization of the metal.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Suppressing Chemical Corrosions of Lithium Metal Anodes

Cheng

et al. 2022

Advanced Energy Materials

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The lithium metal anode is essential for next‐generation high‐energy‐density rechargeable Li‐metal batteries. Although extensive studies have been performed to prolong the cycle life of Li‐metal batteries, the calendar life, which associates with the chemical corrosion of Li metal in liquid electrolytes, has not been quantitatively understood. Here, by combing the titration gas chromatography method and cryogenic focused ion beam, a quantitative relationship between the chemical corrosion rate and electrochemically deposited Li morphology in various liquid electrolyte systems is established. It has been identified that the corrosion rate is dominated by the porosity of the deposited Li. The larger the porosity of deposited Li has, the faster the corrosion rate will be. Strategies to mitigate the chemical corrosion on Li thus to extend the calendar life of Li‐metal batteries are further proposed. By strictly controlling the stacking pressure during Li plating, Li deposits with ultra‐low porosity can be achieved, suppressing the corrosion rate to 0.08 ± 0.16%/day compared with 1.71 ± 0.19%/day of the high‐porosity Li.

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Passivating lithium metal anode by anti-corrosion concentrated ether electrolytes for longevity of batteries

Sheng,

Wang,

Yang

et al. 2024

Nano Energy

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Electrochemical and corrosion behavior of metals in solutions of weak acids and salts of weak acids

Cited by 4 publications

References 3 publications

Iron Corrosion in CO[sub 2]/Brine at Low H[sub 2]S Concentrations: An Electrochemical and Surface Science Study

Iron Corrosion in CO[sub 2]/Brine at Low H[sub 2]S Concentrations: An Electrochemical and Surface Science Study

Suppressing Chemical Corrosions of Lithium Metal Anodes

Passivating lithium metal anode by anti-corrosion concentrated ether electrolytes for longevity of batteries

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