“…3d Upon absorption of a photon with minimum energy 2.8 eV, the first excited state of the Pd(0) photocatalyst 5, which, for our reaction mixture is putatively Pd(0)(Xantphos) 2 , donates an electron to iodocyclohexane 1 (E 0 = −0.85 V vs SCE) to form intermediate 6. 14 6 then either (i) undergoes radical addition to styrene 2 to form intermediate 8, which forms 9 and the Heck product 3 following β-hydride elimination, or (ii) rapidly decays to the "oxidative addition product" 7, which undergoes β-hydride elimination to form 9 and the cyclohexene byproduct 4. Following either pathway, the starting Pd(0) catalyst is regenerated from 9 in the presence of base (here, Cs 2 CO 3 ).…”