Electrochemical Advanced Oxidation Processes Using Diamond Technology: A Critical Review

Abstract

Re-evaluation of conventional wastewater treatment processes is of paramount importance to improve the overall quality of our aquatic environment. Electrochemical Advanced Oxidation Processes (EAOPs) are the most promising alternative methods with application in wastewater treatment facilities since in situ electrogenerated oxidant agents degrade and mineralize a wide range of water pollutants. Boron-doped diamond (BDD) technology has proven its excellency in the anodic oxidation (AO) of different pollutants. In this work, we describe the use of a systematic literature review (SLR) methodology and a bibliometric analysis tool for the assessment of a representative sample of work (hundreds of publications) concerning the synergism between AO using BDD technology and other oxidation methods. One section of the discussion relates to different techniques used to enhance the AO performance of BDD technology, namely persulfate radicals or ozone and photoelectrocatalysis, whereas the second one considers Fenton-based reactions. A standard synergism effect occurs between AO using BDD technology and the add-ons or the Fenton-based methods, resulting in the enhancement of the degradation and mineralization efficiencies. The future of EAOPs using BDD technology must include renewable energy sources to self-sustain the overall process, and further research on the subject is mandatory to enable the effective acceptance and application of such processes in wastewater remediation facilities.

10 years of frontiers in carbon-based materials: carbon, the “newest and oldest” material. The story so far

“…The diamond structure is a well-known 3D carbon structure, being the boron-doped diamond (BDD) materials highly used for electrochemical applications. The review article published by Brosler et al (2023) detailed the synthesis of these electrodes by CVD being able to control properties such as the sp 3 /sp 2 ratio, thickness, boron doping level, growth rate and grain size. It also compiled the importance of metals as substrates for the CVD process, suggesting that Ti can be a suitable substrate due to its lower cost, high conductivity, corrosion resistance, and excellent mechanical properties.…”

“…Three-dimensional carbon materials are materials with a threedimensional sp 2 carbon structure which includes materials such as activated carbons (AC) (where an important number of examples can be found), carbon schwarzites (Boonyoung et al, 2019), ordered mesoporous carbon (Khan et al, 2020), carbon networks (Worajittiphon et al, 2015;Ishii et al, 2019), graphene aerogels (Kotal et al, 2016), metal-organic frameworks (Zheng et al, 2021) and diamond-based materials (Brosler et al, 2023).…”

Integrated Electrochemical Oxidation and Biodegradation for Remediation of a Neonicotinoid Insecticide Pollutant

“…EO proves to be an effective method for breaking down chemical compounds. A finer technique, photoelectrooxidation, is utilized for the more effective and time-efficient degradation of chemicals. , However, EO partially degrades the chemical components. There is a necessity for the mineralization process. , Recent studies have focused on the microbial degradation of toxic residues from organic compounds. − Microbes play a pivotal role in eliminating contaminated chemical components from water environments, offering a cost-effective means of detoxifying nicotinoids .…”

“…A finer technique, photoelectrooxidation, is utilized for the more effective and time-efficient degradation of chemicals. 18 , 19 However, EO partially degrades the chemical components. There is a necessity for the mineralization process.…”

The Stability of Straightened Ta Filament During Chemical Vapor Deposition of Diamond Film

“…Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is a commonly used technique for diamond film synthesis, which can be achieved via hot filament (HF), RF plasma (RF), microwave plasma (MP), and related DC plasma, DC arc-jet. [1,2] Generally, as precursor gases, hydrogen and methane (or other carbon-containing compounds) are first stimulated to produce supersaturated atomic hydrogen and activated carboncontaining groups, and then go through a series of surface chemical reactions, and consequently deposit on the substrate surface as diamond.…”