Electrochemical activity and durability of Pt–Sn alloys on carbon-based electrodes prepared by microwave-assisted synthesis

Hsieh, Chien‐Te; Liu, Yung-Ying; Chen, Wei-Yu; Hsieh, Yun‐Hao

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2011.09.009

Cited by 25 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is one of the most widely used types of fuel cells being developed for stationary and portable applications, since it offers several benets, for example, low operating temperature and pressure, low catalyst loading, and high durability. 1 There are various types of fuels being used in PEMFCs, such as hydrogen gas, formic acid, methanol, ethanol, etc. Commercially viable fuel cell systems use hydrogen or direct methanol as a fuel depending on the application.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of acid functionalised carbon supports for Pd–Ni–Sn catalyst on ethanol oxidation reaction

2015

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The sodium borohydride reduction method was employed to prepare a ternary catalyst with an atomic ratio of 20%Pd10%Ni10%Sn impregnated on four carbon supports, Vulcan XC-72R carbon black (CB), functionalised carbon black (CB sn ), multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and functionalised MWCNTs (MWCNT sn ), to improve the catalytic activity for direct ethanol fuel cells (DEFCs). The acid functionalisation was performed using H 2 SO 4 and HNO 3 . The addition of Ni and Sn metals helped to increase catalytic activity as well as catalyst stability in the ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR). The XRD and XPS results confirmed the presence of Ni(OH) 2 and SnO 2 compounds. The crystalline size was in the range of 6.4 to 7.4 nm for all samples. TEM images of the catalyst on MWCNT sn confirmed that the catalyst particles were uniformly distributed and dispersed with a particle size in the range of 6 nm. This result was consistent with the highest number of active sites investigated by CO chemisorption. This was due to the highly crystalline structure of MWCNT sn . Moreover, the catalyst on MWCNTs exhibited the highest current density (291 mA cm À2 ) for EOR, great catalyst stability, the highest electrochemical surface area (77.155 m 2 g À1 Pd) and excellent CO tolerance.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of acid functionalised carbon supports for Pd–Ni–Sn catalyst on ethanol oxidation reaction

2015

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“…Thus, some efforts are needed to overcome the problem related to the formation of poisonous species on the Pt particles surface, so that they do not cover up the active site areas of Pt. Generally, binary alloys, such as PtRu [ 62 – 66 ], PtRh [ 67 – 71 ], PtAu [ 72 – 74 ], PtSn [ 62 , 63 , 75 – 77 ], PtNi [ 64 – 69 ], PtCo [ 70 , 71 , 78 – 80 ], and PtFe [ 81 – 85 ], are frequently employed as electrocatalyst combinations for the anode electrode in DMFC system. The additions of these metals, such as ruthenium (Ru), tin (Sn), and rhodium (Rh), are believed to produce higher catalytic activity.…”

Section: Performance Of Various Types Of Pt-based Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Platinum-Based Catalysts on Various Carbon Supports and Conducting Polymers for Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Applications: a Review

2018

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Platinum (Pt)-based nanoparticle metals have received a substantial amount of attention and are the most popular catalysts for direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC). However, the high cost of Pt catalysts, slow kinetic oxidation, and the formation of CO intermediate molecules during the methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) are major challenges associate with single-metal Pt catalysts. Recent studies are focusing on using either Pt alloys, such as Fe, Ni, Co, Rh, Ru, Co, and Sn metals, or carbon support materials to enhance the catalytic performance of Pt. In recent years, Pt and Pt alloy catalysts supported on great potential of carbon materials such as MWCNT, CNF, CNT, CNC, CMS, CNT, CB, and graphene have received remarkable interests due to their significant properties that can contribute to the excellent MOR and DMFC performance. This review paper summaries the development of the above alloys and support materials related to reduce the usage of Pt, improve stability, and better electrocatalytic performance of Pt in DMFC. Finally, discussion of each catalyst and support in terms of morphology, electrocatalytic activity, structural characteristics, and its fuel cell performance are presented.

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“…Researchers had used PtÀ Sn/C for MOR for a longer period of time. [63] The PtSn electrocatalyst activity for MOR varies significantly with the molar ratio of PtSn, the carrier structure, and its synthesis method. [64] Currently, carrier materials are used for PtSn catalysts including carbon sulfide, [63] carbon nanotubes, [66] carbon fiber [67] and so on.…”

Section: Ptsn Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[63] The PtSn electrocatalyst activity for MOR varies significantly with the molar ratio of PtSn, the carrier structure, and its synthesis method. [64] Currently, carrier materials are used for PtSn catalysts including carbon sulfide, [63] carbon nanotubes, [66] carbon fiber [67] and so on. At the same time, a higher degree of catalyst dispersion on suitable support can reduce the Pt's amount used in the active layer without the absence of loss performance, and dispersing the material in a suitable electron-conducting mold can obtain better catalytic particles dispersion and it offered efficient transport of charge from the electrode carrier to the reaction site.…”

Section: Ptsn Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research Progress on Catalysts for the Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Methanol

Ding

Dong

Tang³

2020

ChemistrySelect

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The methanol oxidation reaction has high energy density and the product is non-toxic and harmless (CO 2 , H 2 O), making it become one of the targets of new fuel energy. To maximize the efficiency of the reaction, its key lies in the development of highly efficient catalysts. In this paper, we reviewed the types of methanol electrocatalytic oxidation catalysts in recent years, some new preparation methods, and the reaction mechanism of different types of catalyst systems, and discussed their structure-activity relationships, laying the foundation for the development of highly efficient new catalysts in the future. And this paper is included on the types of catalysts (Pt-based catalyst, Ni-based catalyst, and other transition metal-based catalyst) and preparation methods (Reduction method, sol-gel method, in-situ method), and discussed the catalytic mechanism which mainly starts from two aspects, one is adsorptiondesorption, the other is the bond between the catalyst, methanol, and the medium. Finally, the future challenges and opportunities of the electrocatalytic oxidation of methanol are discussed.

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Electrochemical activity and durability of Pt–Sn alloys on carbon-based electrodes prepared by microwave-assisted synthesis

Cited by 25 publications

References 37 publications

Effect of acid functionalised carbon supports for Pd–Ni–Sn catalyst on ethanol oxidation reaction

Effect of acid functionalised carbon supports for Pd–Ni–Sn catalyst on ethanol oxidation reaction

Platinum-Based Catalysts on Various Carbon Supports and Conducting Polymers for Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Applications: a Review

Research Progress on Catalysts for the Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Methanol

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