Electrocatalytic oxygen reduction on nitrogen-doped carbon nanoparticles derived from cyano-aromatic molecules via a solution plasma approach

Panomsuwan, Gasidit; Saito, Nagahiro; Ishizaki, Takahiro

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2015.11.013

Cited by 79 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Panomsuwan and co-workers 163 reported that metal-free Ndoped carbon nanoparticles (NCNPs) could be synthesized via a solution plasma process with the potential to achieve uniformly distributed nitrogen atoms. Accordingly, they used a set of cyanoaromatic molecules that included benzonitrile, 2-cyanopyridine and cyanopyrazine as a single-source precursor in the synthesis without the addition of a metal catalyst.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Aer discharging for 30 min, black solid particles were separated from the liquid precursor by pouring through a lter paper and washed several times with ethanol until the wash solvent was colorless. The solution plasma approach used 163 should broaden and accelerate further research efforts on nitrogen-doped carbon catalysts, one-step closer to practical fuel cells and other related electrochemical devices.…”

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confidence: 99%

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In-liquid plasma: a novel tool in the fabrication of nanomaterials and in the treatment of wastewaters

2017

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Attempts to generate plasma in liquids have been successful and various devices have been proposed. Many reports have described the optimal conditions needed to generate plasma, and mechanisms have been inferred, together with the composition of the plasma. Elucidation of a stable method (and mechanism) to generate plasma in liquids has led to various active investigations into applications of this new energy source. This review article describes the generator and the generation mechanism of in-liquid plasma, and pays attention to the evolving technology. The characteristics of submerged plasma are summarized and examples of nanomaterials syntheses and wastewater treatment are given, both of which have attracted significant attention. Extreme reaction fields can be produced conveniently using electrical power even without the use of chemical substances and high-temperature high-pressure vessels. Chemical reactions can be carried out and environmental remediation processes achieved with high efficiency and operability with the use of in-liquid plasma. Suggestions for introducing in-liquid plasma to chemical processes are discussed.

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confidence: 99%

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In-liquid plasma: a novel tool in the fabrication of nanomaterials and in the treatment of wastewaters

2017

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“…In such systems, the plasma enables unique reactions such as C–H activation reactions at the interface between the solution and plasma, whereas conventional plasma induces random decomposition reactions. We have fabricated graphene, heterographene, nanocarbon sheets, and nanocarbon spheres via solution plasma from organic solutions containing solvents such as benzene, toluene, pyridine, or pyrazine60616263646566676869707172. Moreover, the reaction rate is substantially higher than the rates of other synthesis methods such as chemical vapor deposition and pyrolysis synthesis.…”

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Fastest Formation Routes of Nanocarbons in Solution Plasma Processes

Morishita

Ueno

Panomsuwan

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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Although solution-plasma processing enables room-temperature synthesis of nanocarbons, the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. We investigated the routes of solution-plasma-induced nanocarbon formation from hexane, hexadecane, cyclohexane, and benzene. The synthesis rate from benzene was the highest. However, the nanocarbons from linear molecules were more crystalline than those from ring molecules. Linear molecules decomposed into shorter olefins, whereas ring molecules were reconstructed in the plasma. In the saturated ring molecules, C–H dissociation proceeded, followed by conversion into unsaturated ring molecules. However, unsaturated ring molecules were directly polymerized through cation radicals, such as benzene radical cation, and were converted into two- and three-ring molecules at the plasma–solution interface. The nanocarbons from linear molecules were synthesized in plasma from small molecules such as C2 under heat; the obtained products were the same as those obtained via pyrolysis synthesis. Conversely, the nanocarbons obtained from ring molecules were directly synthesized through an intermediate, such as benzene radical cation, at the interface between plasma and solution, resulting in the same products as those obtained via polymerization. These two different reaction fields provide a reasonable explanation for the fastest synthesis rate observed in the case of benzene.

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“…However, the sluggish reaction kinetics of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) that occur on the cathode lead to larger voltage losses, and this might subsequently decrease the energy conversion efficiency of fuel cells [4]. Pt and its alloys are the best choices as oxygen reduction catalysts, but the limited abundance and high cost of Pt restricts the larger-scale commercial use of fuel cells [5][6][7].…”

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confidence: 99%

Carbon-Supported Copper-Based Nitrogen-Containing Supramolecule as an Efficient Oxygen Reduction Reaction Catalyst in Neutral Medium

Zhao

Chu

et al. 2018

Catalysts

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Abstract:In this work, a nitrogen-containing bidentate ligand named 5,5 -(9-octyl-9H-carbazole-2,7-diyl)bis(1,10-phenanthroline) (OCBP) was synthesized as a nitrogen precursor for making an oxygen reduction catalyst. The 1,10-phenanthroline unit provides a coordination site for copper ions, and the resulting Cu-N x unit may be responsible for the catalytic activities of the catalyst. Carbon black was selected as a support to improve the electroconductibility of the resulting catalyst. The metallo-supramolecule (Cu-SOCBP) was dispersed on the surface of Vulcan XC-72 carbon and was used as a catalyst (designated as Cu-SOCBP/C) for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). The microscope structure and surface components of the catalyst were acquired via scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, as well as X-ray powder diffraction. The electrochemical property and ORR mechanism of Cu-SOCBP/C were analyzed using a variety of electroanalytical methods including cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and linear sweep voltammetry. These results show that Cu-SOCBP/C was successfully synthesized and that ORR was achieved mainly via a four-electron transfer process to water. Thus, Cu-SOCBP/C was an effective catalyst and might have potential application as a cathodic catalyst in microbial fuel cells, which operate in an aqueous medium.

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Electrocatalytic oxygen reduction on nitrogen-doped carbon nanoparticles derived from cyano-aromatic molecules via a solution plasma approach

Cited by 79 publications

References 56 publications

In-liquid plasma: a novel tool in the fabrication of nanomaterials and in the treatment of wastewaters

In-liquid plasma: a novel tool in the fabrication of nanomaterials and in the treatment of wastewaters

Fastest Formation Routes of Nanocarbons in Solution Plasma Processes

Carbon-Supported Copper-Based Nitrogen-Containing Supramolecule as an Efficient Oxygen Reduction Reaction Catalyst in Neutral Medium

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