Electrocatalytic activity of iridium oxide nanoparticles coated on carbon for oxygen reduction as cathode catalyst in polymer electrolyte fuel cell

Chang, Chia-Che; Yuen, T.S.; Nagao, Yuki; Yugami, Hiroo

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2010.01.049

Cited by 41 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…1 shows SEM images of 3Pt, 3Ir, 3Pt3Ir, 3Pt20Ir, and 3Pt1.5Ir evaporated on GDL. In agreement with what has been shown before, evaporating 3 nm of Pt results in a non-continuous Pt film of separated nanoparticles, roughly 3-6 nm in size on the exposed area of the GDL [39]. The structure of 3 nm Ir film on GDL is very similar to that of the 3Pt sample, with isolated particles.…”

Section: Materials Characterisationsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Pt deposited on Ir oxide has shown enhanced catalytic activity for ORR compared to Pt [10]. Furthermore, Ir oxide alone has shown some activity for oxygen reduction when deposited as nanoparticles on a carbon support in the cathode of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell [38,39]. The studies mentioned above have all shown various beneficial effects on the cathode when Ir is included.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The impact of iridium on the stability of platinum on carbon thin-film model electrodes

Wesselmark¹,

Wickman²,

Lagergren³

et al. 2013

Electrochimica Acta

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a b s t r a c tIncreasing the stability and lifetime of the electrodes is one of the most important factors in order to realise a large scale use of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFC). By using well-defined thin-film model electrodes, the stability of Pt and Pt on Ir were examined as cathode catalysts in a single cell PEMFC setup. The electrodes were fabricated by evaporating thin layers of Pt and Pt on Ir onto the microporous layer of a gas diffusion layer. The amount of Pt deposited was equivalent to 3 nm (about 6.3 g cm −2 ) and the amount of Ir was varied between 1.5 nm and 20 nm (between 3.4 g cm −2 and 45.3 g cm −2 ). All samples with Ir showed an increased stability over samples with sole Pt during cyclic corrosion test between 0.6 V and 1.2 V vs. the reversible hydrogen electrode. For thin layers of Ir, the initial activity for the oxygen reduction reaction was equal to or superior to that of sole Pt but for thicker Ir films it was somewhat lower. Hydrogen underpotential deposition and CO stripping were used to estimate the electrochemical surface area during the experiments and physical characterisation using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used to determine the structure of the samples. The results suggest that Ir can stabilise Pt in the cathode electrode.

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Section: Materials Characterisationsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of iridium on the stability of platinum on carbon thin-film model electrodes

Wesselmark¹,

Wickman²,

Lagergren³

et al. 2013

Electrochimica Acta

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“…For example, the high catalytic activity of IrO 2 was reported for oxygen evolution [3][4][5][6], oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) [6][7][8][9], pH sensing [10][11][12], oxidation of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) and dihydronicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) [13][14][15], and etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alteration of the morphology and electrocatalytic activity of IrO2 nanowires upon reduction by hydrogen gas

Ha¹,

Jung²,

Lee³

et al. 2015

Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical

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“…Because of this segregating tendency Pt and Ir have similar properties, that is, same period and block (6d) of the periodic table, same fcc crystal structure, similar mass and atomic size. [26] IrO 2 was tested in a single PEMFC as the cathode catalyst and a power density of 20 mW cm À2 was achieved at the current density of 68.5 mA cm À2 , [27] a value considerably lower than that of the cell with the benchmark Pt/C. 60 % lower than that of platinum, so it could be a good substitute for Pt as a catalyst in fuel cells, also if it has to be taken into account that a large use of iridium in fuel cells could noticeably increase its price.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iridium Application in Low‐Temperature Acidic Fuel Cells: Pt‐Free Ir‐Based Catalysts or Second/Third Promoting Metal in Pt‐Based Catalysts?

Antolini¹

2013

ChemElectroChem

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Pt and Ir have similar properties, that is, same period and block (6d) of the periodic table, same fcc crystal structure, similar mass and atomic size. The cost of iridium, however, is ca. 60 % lower than that of platinum, so it could be a good substitute for Pt as a catalyst in fuel cells, also if it has to be taken into account that a large use of iridium in fuel cells could noticeably increase its price. Moreover, iridium is stable towards dissolution in acid medium. For these reasons, Pt‐free Ir‐based catalysts and Ir‐containing Pt‐based catalysts have been tested both as anode and cathode materials in low‐temperature acid fuel cells. In this work an overview of the application of Ir and Ir‐containing catalysts as anode materials for hydrogen, methanol and ethanol oxidation, and as cathode materials for oxygen reduction in low‐temperature polymer electrolyte fuel cells fuelled with hydrogen or low molecular weight alcohols, is presented. The more suitable application of iridium in fuel cell electrodes, either as non‐Pt Ir‐based catalysts, maintaining an acceptable catalytic activity, or as co‐catalysts in Pt‐based materials, to increase fuel cell performance simultaneously to a slight decrease of the cost, is discussed.

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Electrocatalytic activity of iridium oxide nanoparticles coated on carbon for oxygen reduction as cathode catalyst in polymer electrolyte fuel cell

Cited by 41 publications

References 21 publications

The impact of iridium on the stability of platinum on carbon thin-film model electrodes

The impact of iridium on the stability of platinum on carbon thin-film model electrodes

Alteration of the morphology and electrocatalytic activity of IrO2 nanowires upon reduction by hydrogen gas

Iridium Application in Low‐Temperature Acidic Fuel Cells: Pt‐Free Ir‐Based Catalysts or Second/Third Promoting Metal in Pt‐Based Catalysts?

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