Electrocardiographic and blood pressure effects of energy drinks and Panax ginseng in healthy volunteers: A randomized clinical trial

Shah, Sachin A; Occiano, Andrew; Nguyen, Tinh An; Chan, Alan K. L.; Sky, Joseph; Bhattacharyya, Mouchumi; O’Dell, Kate M.; Shek, Allen; Nguyen, Nancy

doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.05.007

Cited by 35 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The cardiovascular response and subject self‐assessments failed to demonstrate any effect of the 100 mg caffeine dose whether administered as an energy drink or using the AeroShot device (Figure and ). This is consistent with previous findings that caffeine doses in excess of 200 mg are generally required to produce clinically meaningful changes in cardiovascular parameters . However, some studies have reported significant effects on heart rate or blood pressure at doses as low as 80 mg .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Comparison of caffeine disposition following administration by oral solution (energy drink) and inspired powder (AeroShot) in human subjects

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Nelson

Chen

et al. 2017

Brit J Clinical Pharma

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Comparison of caffeine disposition following administration by oral solution (energy drink) and inspired powder (AeroShot) in human subjects

Laizure

Nelson

Chen

et al. 2017

Brit J Clinical Pharma

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“…It also appears that the product and dose used in our study was different from the other studies, which might explain our significant findings. Our findings are similar to another study (n=27), which used the same dose as ours and found a significant 6‐ms prolongation in QTc at 2 hours when compared with placebo . Further, in a noncontrolled study (n=14) using the same dose (2 cans) as in our study, 57% of participants had a QTc >500 ms post consumption .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…However, l ‐carnitine supplementation is not suspected to result in an overcorrection or prolongation of the QT interval based on published literature. Interestingly, panax ginseng, at a dose of 200 mg in one study, showed a transient prolongation of the QTc interval 2 hours after ingestion, but this appears to be a chance finding and not evident in other studies . Due to the fact that multiple ingredients in energy drinks have the ability to alter electrophysiological properties, their sole and concurrent use needs further scrutiny.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Randomized Controlled Trial of High‐Volume Energy Drink Versus Caffeine Consumption on ECG and Hemodynamic Parameters

Fletcher

Lacey

Aaron

et al. 2017

JAHA

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BackgroundCaffeine in doses <400 mg is typically not considered arrhythmogenic, but little is known about the additional ingredients in energy drinks. We evaluated the ECG and blood pressure (BP) effects of high‐volume energy drink consumption compared with caffeine alone.Methods and ResultsThis was a randomized, double‐blind, controlled, crossover study in 18 young, healthy volunteers. Participants consumed either 946 mL (32 ounces) of energy drink or caffeinated control drink, both of which contained 320 mg of caffeine, separated by a 6‐day washout period. ECG, peripheral BP, and central BP measurements were obtained at baseline and 1, 2, 4, 6, and 24 hours post study drink consumption. The time‐matched, baseline‐adjusted changes were compared. The change in corrected QT interval from baseline in the energy drink arm was significantly higher than the caffeine arm at 2 hours (0.44±18.4 ms versus −10.4±14.8 ms, respectively; P=0.02). The QTc changes were not different at other time points. While both the energy drink and caffeine arms raised systolic BP in a similar fashion initially, the systolic BP was significantly higher at 6 hours when compared with the caffeine arm (4.72±4.67 mm Hg versus 0.83±6.09 mm Hg, respectively; P=0.01). Heart rate, diastolic BP, central systolic BP, and central diastolic BP showed no evidence of a difference between groups at any time point. Post energy drink, augmentation index was lower at 6 hours.ConclusionsThe corrected QT interval and systolic BP were significantly higher post high‐volume energy drink consumption when compared with caffeine alone. Larger clinical trials validating these findings and evaluation of noncaffeine ingredients within energy drinks are warranted.Clinical Trial Registration URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT02023723.

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“…25 However, ingredients other than caffeine may also cause hemodynamic changes and need further evaluation. 26 Energy drinks can often contain a proprietary blend of ingredients such as guarana, taurine, and ginseng. Guarana is known to have a potent caffeine concentration, and this may supplement the effects of caffeine.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Acute Energy Drink Consumption on Blood Pressure Parameters

et al. 2016

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Electrocardiographic and blood pressure effects of energy drinks and Panax ginseng in healthy volunteers: A randomized clinical trial

Cited by 35 publications

References 30 publications

Comparison of caffeine disposition following administration by oral solution (energy drink) and inspired powder (AeroShot) in human subjects

Comparison of caffeine disposition following administration by oral solution (energy drink) and inspired powder (AeroShot) in human subjects

Randomized Controlled Trial of High‐Volume Energy Drink Versus Caffeine Consumption on ECG and Hemodynamic Parameters

Impact of Acute Energy Drink Consumption on Blood Pressure Parameters

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