Electrocardiograms in five bipolar leads recorded from the body surface of three fish species (Cyprinus carpio, oreochromis niloticus and Pagrus major in fresh or sea-water

Yoshikawa, Hiromasa; Ishida, Yusuke; Yokoyama, Yoshihiro; Ueno, Saburo; Mitsuda, Hisateru

doi:10.1016/0300-9629(88)90961-9

“…Earlier studies preferred an antero-caudal arrangement of the electrodes (Spoor et al, 1971), but lateral or top-bottom arrangements (Miller et al, 1980;Aalto & Smeds, 1985;Borch et al, 1993) had also been used. Considering that the mean electrical axis of the heart runs towards the head of the fish and downwards (Yoshikawa et al, 1988), an anterocaudal arrangement of the electrodes would appear to maximize the strength of the electrocardiographic signal, but at the same time it could compromise the detection of the ventilation-related potentials.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-invasive recording of heart rate and ventilation rate in rainbow trout during rest and swimming. Fish go wireless!

Altimiras¹

2000

Journal of Fish Biology

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Resting heart rates and ventilation rates in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss at 15 C are 31·8 1·8 beat min 1 and 53·1 3·7 breaths min 1 , respectively. The non-invasive recording system picked up the bioelectric potentials generated by the fish in the water and was based on an array of six silver-silver chloride electrodes covered with agar-gel, which provided a better signal-to-noise ratio than in previously described systems, and allowed the determination of heart rate and ventilation rates at different swimming speeds up to 2 l s 1 . In concert with the lower rates, the scope for changes in heart rate and ventilation rate during swimming was also considerably larger than in earlier studies (2·4-and 2·0-fold, respectively). Two main conclusions result from this work: (i) short recovery times under 48 h after anaesthesia and surgery are unlikely to provide truly resting heart rates and ventilation rates in trout at 15 C; (ii) heart rate regulation during exercise is more important than previously thought and might account for a larger proportion of the increase in cardiac output observed in swimming trout. 2000 The Fisheries Society of the British Isles

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“…Thus, an appropriate consideration of the type and the placement of electrodes will make possible a selective detection of the signals of interest and the exclusion of other signals regarded as noise. For the ECG, there are experimental data indicating that the signal propagates forward and downward from the fish (Yoshikawa et al, 1988) so that the best location for the electrodes is below the fish along its longitudinal axis.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Non‐invasive recording of heart rate and ventilation rate in rainbow trout during rest and swimming. Fish go wireless!

Altimiras

¹

,

Larsen

²

2000

Journal of Fish Biology

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Resting heart rates and ventilation rates in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss at 15 C are 31·8 1·8 beat min 1 and 53·1 3·7 breaths min 1 , respectively. The non-invasive recording system picked up the bioelectric potentials generated by the fish in the water and was based on an array of six silver-silver chloride electrodes covered with agar-gel, which provided a better signal-to-noise ratio than in previously described systems, and allowed the determination of heart rate and ventilation rates at different swimming speeds up to 2 l s 1 . In concert with the lower rates, the scope for changes in heart rate and ventilation rate during swimming was also considerably larger than in earlier studies (2·4-and 2·0-fold, respectively). Two main conclusions result from this work: (i) short recovery times under 48 h after anaesthesia and surgery are unlikely to provide truly resting heart rates and ventilation rates in trout at 15 C; (ii) heart rate regulation during exercise is more important than previously thought and might account for a larger proportion of the increase in cardiac output observed in swimming trout. 2000 The Fisheries Society of the British Isles

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“…Similarly, it has become a powerful tool for recording cardiac activity in vivo , as well as ex vivo in isolated hearts under Langendorff perfusion, in a number of laboratory animal models. These include medium-size fish like carp and tilapia ( Yoshikawa et al, 1988 ). Milan et al (2006) developed a method for recording in vivo the electrocardiogram of the small adult zebrafish.…”

Section: Electrophysiology Of the Zebrafishmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adult and Developing Zebrafish as Suitable Models for Cardiac Electrophysiology and Pathology in Research and Industry

Echeazarra

¹

,

Hortigón-Vinagre

²

,

Casis

³

et al. 2021

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The electrophysiological behavior of the zebrafish heart is very similar to that of the human heart. In fact, most of the genes that codify the channels and regulatory proteins required for human cardiac function have their orthologs in the zebrafish. The high fecundity, small size, and easy handling make the zebrafish embryos/larvae an interesting candidate to perform whole animal experiments within a plate, offering a reliable and low-cost alternative to replace rodents and larger mammals for the study of cardiac physiology and pathology. The employment of zebrafish embryos/larvae has widened from basic science to industry, being of particular interest for pharmacology studies, since the zebrafish embryo/larva is able to recapitulate a complete and integrated view of cardiac physiology, missed in cell culture. As in the human heart, IKr is the dominant repolarizing current and it is functional as early as 48 h post fertilization. Finally, genome editing techniques such as CRISPR/Cas9 facilitate the humanization of zebrafish embryos/larvae. These techniques allow one to replace zebrafish genes by their human orthologs, making humanized zebrafish embryos/larvae the most promising in vitro model, since it allows the recreation of human-organ-like environment, which is especially necessary in cardiac studies due to the implication of dynamic factors, electrical communication, and the paracrine signals in cardiac function.

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Electrocardiograms in five bipolar leads recorded from the body surface of three fish species (Cyprinus carpio, oreochromis niloticus and Pagrus major in fresh or sea-water

Cited by 8 publications

References 10 publications

Non-invasive recording of heart rate and ventilation rate in rainbow trout during rest and swimming. Fish go wireless!

Non-invasive recording of heart rate and ventilation rate in rainbow trout during rest and swimming. Fish go wireless!

Non‐invasive recording of heart rate and ventilation rate in rainbow trout during rest and swimming. Fish go wireless!

Adult and Developing Zebrafish as Suitable Models for Cardiac Electrophysiology and Pathology in Research and Industry

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