Electrocaloric Effect In Relaxor Ferroelectric Ceramics and Single Crystals

Electrocaloric Coolers: A Review

“…Typical bulk materials reporting large EC effects are ferroelectric perovskite‐like ceramics, such as PbSc 0.5 Ta 0.5 O 3 (PST), (1‐ x )Pb(Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 – x PbTiO 3 (PMN‐100 x PT), PbZr 0.95 Ti 0.05 O 3 (PZT) or BaTiO 3 (BTO). [ 34–39 ] These kind of samples have been already implemented in a few EC coolers. [ 40–43 ]…”

Optoelectronic Coincidence Detection with Two‐Dimensional Bi2O2Se Ferroelectric Field‐Effect Transistors

“…[ 23 ] Song's group reported the epitaxial growth of high quality Bi 2 O 2 Se thin films on SrTiO 3 substrates by pulsed laser deposition (PLD). [ 24 ] It is also noted that perovskite Pb(Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 –PbTiO 3 (PMN‐PT) single crystals with the PT content near the morphotropic phase boundary (≈29–33%) exhibit high piezoelectric coefficients ( d 33 ≈ 2500 pC/N), excellent remanent polarization P r (≈25–40 µC cm −2 ), [ 25–28 ] and large pyroelectric coefficients (≈17.4 × 10 −4 C m −2 K), [ 29–31 ] and have been used as ferroelectrically active gate insulators to fabricate FeFETs. [ 32–36 ] Moreover, the 3‐inch PMN‐PT single crystal growth has achieved industrial production, which has great potential in developing functional devices.…”

Decoupling Mesoscale Functional Response in PLZT across the Ferroelectric–Relaxor Phase Transition with Contact Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy and Machine Learning

“…The remarkably high electrostrictive response observed in relaxor ferroelectrics combined with their large dielectric and electro-optic constants have awoken significant interest in these materials for applications such as electromechanical transducers, capacitive energy storage, and electro-optic modulators. − Moreover, phase transitions between ferroelectric and relaxor states yield additional functionality in terms of pyroelectric energy harvesting or temperature-dependent electromechanical sensing, for which lead lanthanum zirconate titanate (PLZT) is a highly suitable material as it exhibits low phase transition temperatures near room temperature and large electrostriction. ,,,, Although the underlying physical phenomena warrant high scientific interest in itself, knowledge on the functional material response to an electric field at operating temperatures is also key to device design. Understanding the overall macroscopic behavior of these heterogeneous materials as well as micro- and nanoscale applications necessitates assessment of local characteristics, which is widely studied using the piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM) and related switching spectroscopy techniques. − …”