Electrocaloric effect and high energy storage efficiency in lead-free Ba0.95Ca0.05Ti0.89Sn0.11O3 ceramic elaborated by sol–gel method

Abstract

Structural, dielectric, ferroelectric, energy storage properties, and electrocaloric effect were studied in lead-free ceramic Ba0.95Ca0.05Ti0.89Sn0.11O3 (BCTSn) elaborated by sol-gel method.Phase purity structure was confirmed from X-ray data using Rietveld refinement analysis which revealed the coexistence of tetragonal (P4mm) and orthorhombic (Amm2) symmetries at room temperature. Phase transitions were detected by dielectric and differential scanning calorimetry results. Energy storage properties were determined from P-E hysteresis, and the electrocaloric properties were calculated indirectly via the Maxwell approach. The large value of electrocaloric temperature change of ΔT=0.807 K obtained at a relatively small field of 30 kV cm -1 and high energy storage efficiency can make BCTSn ceramic a promising candidate for environmentally friendly refrigeration and energy storage applications.

Enhanced Relative cooling Power and large inverse magnetocaloric effect of cobalt ferrite nanoparticles synthesized by auto-combustion method

“…The "a'' lattice parameter of CFO is found to be 8.4013 Å. According to Scherrer's equation [12], [33], [34], the average crystallite size (D) was estimated from the full width at half-maximum of the conspicuous (311) reflection and found to be 57.6 nm and the grain size of 160 nm determined using ImageJ® software. Table 1 lists the refined structural parameters of CFO powder.…”

Low-temperature synthesis and characterization of lead-free BaTi0.89Sn0.11O3 piezoelectric powders

“…For this purpose, barium titanate (BaTiO 3 , abbreviated as BT) is regarded as one of the potentially promising lead-free ceramics alternatives. However, due to its low dielectric constant, high curie temperature (120 °C) and narrow temperature stability, researchers have enhanced its properties by site-doping, hence many barium titanate systems have been studied over the years, such as BCZT [1], BST [2], BCTS [3], [4], and finally BTS or barium stannate titanate [5].…”

Multiferroic CoFe2O4–Ba0.95Ca0.05Ti0.89Sn0.11O3 Core–Shell Nanofibers for Magnetic Field Sensor Applications

“…The SAED pattern in the inset of Figure 3a obtained from the red-colored-circle zone shows multiple diffraction rings, suggesting a polycrystalline structure of CFO@BCTSn NFs. The crystallographic planes (400), (440), (422), and (620) are assigned to CFO, 68 while the planes (220) and ( 223) are assigned to BCTSn, 69 confirming the coexistence of both magnetic and ferroelectric phases.…”

“…In addition, the average crystallite size of CFO is approximately 4.4 nm, while that of BCTSn is approximately 5.1 nm, based on a detailed investigation of the peaks broadening of (311) and (100) reflections using the Debye−Scherrer formula. 69 The lattice strain in the CFO@BCTSn NFs is calculated using the Williamson−Hall (W−H) method. 23 The lattice strain of the composite is estimated by using the peaks in the XRD patterns that correspond to BCTSn, as shown in Figure 4a.…”

“…31-0174). In addition, the average crystallite size of CFO is approximately 4.4 nm, while that of BCTSn is approximately 5.1 nm, based on a detailed investigation of the peaks broadening of (311) and (100) reflections using the Debye–Scherrer formula …”