Electroanalytical determination of diazepam in tablet and human serum samples using a multiwalled carbon nanotube embedded molecularly imprinted polymer-modified carbon paste electrode

Abstract

In this study a new MWCNT–MIP nanocomposite modified carbon paste electrode for determination of diazepam has been developed.

Exploiting the synergistic effects of combined carbon‐based materials for rape drug diazepam electrochemical sensing: Application to simulated casework matrices

“…When the pH of the solution is increased, the peak potential (E p ) is displaced to more negative values, indicating that protons are consumed in the electrochemical reduction of DZP. This behavior is observed in an acidic medium and supports previous studies on the topic [30,31].…”

Powerful Analytical Platform for Diazepam Determination in Pharmaceuticals and Alcoholic Drinks Based on Batch Injection Analysis Coupled with Adsorptive Stripping Voltammetry

“…analyses and portable equipment. While the LOD of 2.0 μM for DZP attained by the proposed platform may not reach the same levels as those observed in previously published electrochemical methods, 25,29,31,50,[54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61]63 it has demonstrated adequacy for the determination of DZP in pharmaceuticals and alcoholic drinks purposely fortified with this drug. In these applications, the total amount of DZP is anticipated to exceed the LOD obtained in this study.…”

“…Comparison with other electroanalytical platforms.-Table IV illustrates the comparison between the proposed protocol and other electrochemical methods for DZP sensing. 25,27,29,31,50,[54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63] The data in this table reveal that only two documented studies utilized miniaturized screen-printed electrodes, one with carbon material in differential pulse adsorptive stripping voltammetric mode (DPAdSV) 27 and the other with an antimony film in LSV mode, 54 deviating from the conventional three-electrode system where individual electrodes are immersed separately into the analyzed solution. Furthermore, the most of electrochemical methods listed in Table IV employed chemically modified electrodes 29,31,54,55,[57][58][59][60][61]63 to amplify sensitivity and/or selectivity of DZP determination.…”

“…25,27,29,31,50,[54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63] The data in this table reveal that only two documented studies utilized miniaturized screen-printed electrodes, one with carbon material in differential pulse adsorptive stripping voltammetric mode (DPAdSV) 27 and the other with an antimony film in LSV mode, 54 deviating from the conventional three-electrode system where individual electrodes are immersed separately into the analyzed solution. Furthermore, the most of electrochemical methods listed in Table IV employed chemically modified electrodes 29,31,54,55,[57][58][59][60][61]63 to amplify sensitivity and/or selectivity of DZP determination. In addition, with the exception of one work that used flow injection analysis with differential pulse amperometry (FIA-DPA) on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) with the achieved LOD of 13.4 μM, 62 the majority of these methods involved the determination of DZP in a stationary system.…”