Electroanalytical Determination of Cd(II) and Pb(II) in Bivalve Mollusks using Electrochemically Reduced Graphene Oxide‐based Electrode

Abstract

An electrochemical sensor for the simultaneous determination of Cd(II) and Pb(II) by square wave anodic stripping voltammetry (SWASV) in bivalve mollusks using a glassy carbon electrode modified with electrochemically reduced graphene oxide has been developed. The modified surface was characterized by cyclic voltammetry, high resolution scanning electron microscopy (HR‐SEM), and Raman spectroscopy. The optimum conditions were optimized and a linear range was observed from 15–105 μg L−1 with a limits of detection of 15 μg L−1 for Cd(II) and Pb(II). The methodology was validated and applied in different samples of commercial bivalve mollusks with satisfactory results. The high conductivity and greater surface area of the modifying agent improves the preconcentration capacity of the electrochemical sensor, allowing to develop a simple, rapid and sensitive analysis in the detection of lead and cadmium in marine resources.

Fast and Simple Preparation of a Sensor Based on Electrochemically Reduced Graphene Oxide (rGO) for the Determination of Zopiclone in Pharmaceutical Dosage by Square Wave Adsorptive Stripping Voltammetry (SWAdSV)

“…A possible explanation for the differences observed when rGO is deposited on the surface of GC, considering the previous analysis of rGO [45] and its conductive character, is that the deposition of rGO on the surface is very inhomogeneous. Here, the role of rGO is not to increase the conductivity or the area of the electrode, but it acts as an active site for the adsorption of zopiclone.…”

Study on Cd2+ Determination Using Bud‐like Poly‐L‐Tyrosine/Bi Composite Film Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode Combined with Eliminating of Cu2+ Interference by Electrodeposition

“…The results show that the redox peak currents are proportional to the square root of the scanning rate (v 1/2 ) (Figure 4 insets), which means that the electrochemical reaction of [Fe(CN) 6 ] 3À /4À on the electrode surface is controlled by diffusion [35]. For a reversible reaction at 25 °C, the electroactive area (A) of the electrode surface can be calculated according to the slope of i p À v 1/2 curve in Randles-Sevcik formula [36,37]:…”