Electroanalysis at Diamond‐Like and Doped‐Diamond Electrodes

Compton, Richard G.; Foord, John S.; Marken, Frank

doi:10.1002/elan.200302830

Cited by 350 publications

(235 citation statements)

References 131 publications

(100 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

225

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…53 The pBDD had a roughness of 1-2 nm within a facet and 1-5 nm between grains, flat on the scale of SECCM and voltammetric measurements. 51 Studies of basal plane HOPG employed one of three different grades: either ZYB or SPI-3 grade (SPI Supplies, West Chester, PA), or an ungraded HOPG sample of the highest quality, 30 originating from Dr. Arthur Moore at Union Carbide (now GE Advanced Ceramics), and kindly provided by Prof. R. L. McCreery of the University of Alberta, Canada, which we refer to throughout as "AM grade"). All HOPG samples were cleaved with Scotch tape to remove surface layers and reveal a fresh surface for study.…”

Section: Materials and Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This strongly suggests that for graphite the electrochemical response is mainly determined by the basal surface, not the step edges. In the case of pBDD, [51][52][53] although recognized for combining high stability and resistance to chemical fouling, the repetitive cycling showed a decrease in current response over the 10 cycles, but not to the same extent as HOPG. …”

Section: Repetitive Cyclic Voltammetric Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Electrochemical oxidation of dihydronicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH): comparison of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) and polycrystalline boron-doped diamond (pBDD) electrodes

Maddar

Lazenby

Patel

et al. 2016

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

(2016) Electrochemical oxidation of dihydronicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) : Comparison of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) and polycrystalline boron-doped diamond (pBDD) electrodes. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics. Permanent WRAP URL:http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/81637 Copyright and reuse:The Warwick Research Archive Portal (WRAP) makes this work of researchers of the University of Warwick available open access under the following conditions. Copyright © and all moral rights to the version of the paper presented here belong to the individual author(s) and/or other copyright owners. To the extent reasonable and practicable the material made available in WRAP has been checked for eligibility before being made available.Copies of full items can be used for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-profit purposes without prior permission or charge. Provided that the authors, title and full bibliographic details are credited, a hyperlink and/or URL is given for the original metadata page and the content is not changed in any way. The electro-oxidation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) is studied at bare surfaces of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) and semi-metallic polycrystalline boron-doped diamond (pBDD). A comparison of these two carbon electrode materials is interesting because they possess broadly similar densities of electronic states that are much lower than most metal electrodes, but graphite has carbon sp 2 -hybridization, while in diamond the carbon is sp 3 -hybridised, with resulting major differences in bulk structure and surface termination. Using cyclic voltammetry (CV), it is shown that NADH oxidation is facile at HOPG surfaces but the reaction products tend to strongly adsorb, which causes rapid deactivation of the electrode activity. This is an important factor that needs to be taken into account when assessing HOPG and its intrinsic activity. It is also shown that NADH itself adsorbs at HOPG, a fact that has not been recognized previously, but has implications for understanding the mechanism of the electro-oxidation process. Although pBDD was found to be less susceptible to surface fouling, pBDD is not immune to deterioration of the electrode response, and the reaction showed more sluggish kinetics on this electrode. Scanning electrochemical cell microscopy (SECCM) highlights a significant voltammetric variation in electroactivity between different crystal surface facets that are presented to solution with a pBDD electrode. The electroactivity of different grains correlates with the local dopant level, as visualized by field emission-scanning electron microscopy. SECCM measurements further prove that the basal plane of HOPG has high activity towards NADH electro-oxidation. These new insights on NADH voltammetry are useful for the design of optimal carbon-based electrodes for NADH electroanalysis.

show abstract

Section: Materials and Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Repetitive Cyclic Voltammetric Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical oxidation of dihydronicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH): comparison of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) and polycrystalline boron-doped diamond (pBDD) electrodes

Maddar

Lazenby

Patel

et al. 2016

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…glassy-carbon or platinum electrodes. BDD, besides being corrosion stable in very aggressive media, presents a very low and stable background current, an extreme electrochemical stability in both alkaline and acidic media, a high response sensitivity, and a very wide working potential window, which can be larger than 3.5 V. [34][35][36][37] In this paper the development and optimization of a square-wave (SW) voltammetric method exploiting the unique properties of BDD for the direct determination of ASA in pharmaceutical formulations for adults and children is described. This method is an attractive alternative because of its high sensitivity, relatively low cost, simplicity, and speed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Square-wave voltammetric determination of acetylsalicylic acid in pharmaceutical formulations using a boron-doped diamond electrode without the need of previous alkaline hydrolysis step

Sartori¹,

Medeiros²,

Rocha‐Filho³

et al. 2009

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Neste trabalho descreve-se a determinação do ácido acetilsalicílico (ASA) em formulações farmacêuticas empregando voltametria de onda quadrada (SWV) e um eletrodo de diamante dopado com boro (BDD). Neste método, ASA é determinado diretamente em solução de H 2 SO 4 0,01 mol L -1 , sem a necessidade da hidrólise alcalina. Foi obtido um único pico de oxidação no potencial de 1,97 V vs. Ag/AgCl (KCl 3,0 mol L -1 ) com características de uma reação irreversível. A curva analítica obtida é linear na faixa de concentração ASA de 2,50 × 10 -6 -1,05 × 10 -4 mol L -1 , com um limite de detecção de 2,0 µmol L -1 . O desvio padrão relativo foi menor que 1,4% para uma solução de ASA 45 µmol L -1 (n = 10). O método proposto foi aplicado com sucesso para a determinação de ASA em várias formulações farmacêuticas e os resultados obtidos foram concordantes com um método oficial da Farmacopéia Britânica, a um nível de confiança de 95%.In this paper the determination of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) in pharmaceutical formulations using square-wave voltammetry (SWV) and a boron-doped diamond electrode (BDD) is described. By this proposed method, ASA is directly determined in a 0.01 mol L -1 H 2 SO 4 solution without the need of a previous time-consuming alkaline hydrolysis step. A single oxidation peak at a potential of 1.97 V vs. Ag/AgCl (3.0 mol L -1 KCl) with the characteristics of an irreversible reaction was obtained. The obtained analytical curve is linear in the ASA concentration range 2.50 × 10 -6 -1.05 × 10 -4 mol L -1 , with a detection limit of 2.0 µmol L -1 . The obtained relative standard deviation was smaller than 1.4% for a 45 µmol L -1 ASA solution (n = 10). The proposed method was applied with success in the determination of ASA in several pharmaceutical formulations; the obtained results were in close agreement, at a 95% confidence level, with those obtained using an official method of the British Pharmacopoeia.Keywords: acetylsalicylic acid determination, boron-doped diamond electrode, square-wave voltammetry, pharmaceutical formulations IntroductionAcetylsalicylic acid (ASA), shown in Figure 1, more popularly known as aspirin, is one of the oldest medicines that still plays an important role in modern therapeutics. It is widely employed in pharmaceutical formulations for the relief of headaches, fever, muscular pain, and inflammation due to arthritis or injury. It was first synthesized in 1897, by Felix Hoffmann, in the Farbenfabrik Freidrich Bayer laboratories, in Elberfeld, Germany. 1,2 The high consumption of this substance all over the world 3,4 indicates the importance of the development of new analytical methods to assess not only the quality but also the authenticity of the product.The rate of decomposition of ASA to salicylic acid (SA) and acetic acid (AA) is dependent on solution pH and temperature. In the pH range 11-12 ASA is quickly hydrolyzed, in the pH range 4-8 its hydrolysis rate is slow, and maximum stability is attained at pH 2-3. 5 Commonly, ASA is indirectly determined after its conversion to SA ...

show abstract

“…This feature allows the quinone-mediated oxygen reduction to be investigated directly (13). A final significant feature of BDD electrodes is that they commonly exhibit low levels of adsorption of organic species (11,14), this result is in contrast to the current work.…”

mentioning

confidence: 85%

The electrochemistry of quinizarin revealed through its mediated reduction of oxygen

Batchelor‐McAuley

Dimov

Aldous

et al. 2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

After 35 years the hunt for improved anthracycline antibiotics is unabated but has yet to achieve the levels of clinical success desired. Electrochemical techniques provide a large amount of kinetic and thermodynamic information, but the use of such procedures is hindered by issues of sensitivity and selectivity. This work demonstrates how by harnessing the mechanism of catalytic reduction of oxygen by the quinone functionality present within the anthracycline structure it is possible to study the reactive moiety in nanomolar concentration. This methodology allows electrochemical investigation of the intercalation of quinizarin into DNA and, in particular, the quinone oxidation and degradation mechanism. The reversible reduction of the quinizarin, which in the presence of oxygen leads to the formation of reactive oxygen species, is found to occur at −0.535 V (vs. SCE) pH 6.84 and the irreversible oxidation leading to the molecules degradation occurs at 0.386 V (vs. SCE) pH 6.84.electrocatalysis | oxygen reduction | boron-doped diamond

show abstract

Electroanalysis at Diamond‐Like and Doped‐Diamond Electrodes

Cited by 350 publications

References 131 publications

Electrochemical oxidation of dihydronicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH): comparison of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) and polycrystalline boron-doped diamond (pBDD) electrodes

Electrochemical oxidation of dihydronicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH): comparison of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) and polycrystalline boron-doped diamond (pBDD) electrodes

Square-wave voltammetric determination of acetylsalicylic acid in pharmaceutical formulations using a boron-doped diamond electrode without the need of previous alkaline hydrolysis step

The electrochemistry of quinizarin revealed through its mediated reduction of oxygen

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About