Electroactive and Stretchable Hydrogels of 3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene/thiophene Copolymers

Chen, Po−Wen; Ji, Dian-Huan; Zhang, Yousheng; Lee, Celine; Yeh, Mei-Yu

doi:10.1021/acsomega.2c07368

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…It is worth noting that the O-H stretching bands manifest at lower frequencies, i.e., 3343 and 3198 cm −1 , suggesting the potential formation of iron-DA complexes in PAID-1, PAID-2, and PAID-3 (Figure 2) [52]. In the meantime, the C=O and C=C (aromatic) signals likewise shift to lower wavenumbers with an increasing DA content, indicating that the elevated DA content might enhance hydrogen-bonding and π-π-stacking interactions [53]. Moreover, we conducted a comparison between the PAID-0 hydrogel and the AAM/MBA hydrogel described in the literature [54,55].…”

Section: Spectral Analysis and Morphologies Of Paid Hydrogelsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Stretchable, Adhesive, and Biocompatible Hydrogel Based on Iron–Dopamine Complexes

Lee,

Huang,

Wang

et al. 2023

Polymers

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Hydrogels’ exceptional mechanical strength and skin-adhesion characteristics offer significant advantages for various applications, particularly in the fields of tissue adhesion and wearable sensors. Herein, we incorporated a combination of metal-coordination and hydrogen-bonding forces in the design of stretchable and adhesive hydrogels. We synthesized four hydrogels, namely PAID-0, PAID-1, PAID-2, and PAID-3, consisting of acrylamide (AAM), N,N′-methylene-bis-acrylamide (MBA), and methacrylic-modified dopamine (DA). The impact of different ratios of iron (III) ions to DA on each hydrogel’s performance was investigated. Our results demonstrate that the incorporation of iron–dopamine complexes significantly enhances the mechanical strength of the hydrogel. Interestingly, as the DA content increased, we observed a continuous and substantial improvement in both the stretchability and skin adhesiveness of the hydrogel. Among the hydrogels tested, PAID-3, which exhibited optimal mechanical properties, was selected for adhesion testing on various materials. Impressively, PAID-3 demonstrated excellent adhesion to diverse materials and, combined with the low cytotoxicity of PAID hydrogel, holds great promise as an innovative option for biomedical engineering applications.

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Section: Spectral Analysis and Morphologies Of Paid Hydrogelsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Stretchable, Adhesive, and Biocompatible Hydrogel Based on Iron–Dopamine Complexes

Lee,

Huang,

Wang

et al. 2023

Polymers

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“…We conducted tensile tests on pADLx hydrogels using a tensile testing machine, with all tests performed at a rate of 100 mm/min (Figure 3 and Figure S4) [42,43]. As shown in Figure 3a and Table S2, hydrogels without LysMA (pADL0) exhibited extremely poor stretchability, breaking quickly during the stretching process.…”

Section: Mechanical Properties Of Padl Hydrogelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lysine-Triggered Polymeric Hydrogels with Self-Adhesion, Stretchability, and Supportive Properties

Juan,

Zhang,

Cheng

et al. 2024

Polymers

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Hydrogels, recognized for their flexibility and diverse characteristics, are extensively used in medical fields such as wearable sensors and soft robotics. However, many hydrogel sensors derived from biomaterials lack mechanical strength and fatigue resistance, emphasizing the necessity for enhanced formulations. In this work, we utilized acrylamide and polyacrylamide as the primary polymer network, incorporated chemically modified poly(ethylene glycol) (DF-PEG) as a physical crosslinker, and introduced varying amounts of methacrylated lysine (LysMA) to prepare a series of hydrogels. This formulation was labeled as poly(acrylamide)-DF-PEG-LysMA, abbreviated as pADLx, with x denoting the weight/volume percentage of LysMA. We observed that when the hydrogel contained 2.5% w/v LysMA (pADL2.5), compared to hydrogels without LysMA (pADL0), its stress increased by 642 ± 76%, strain increased by 1790 ± 95%, and toughness increased by 2037 ± 320%. Our speculation regarding the enhanced mechanical performance of the pADL2.5 hydrogel revolves around the synergistic effects arising from the co-polymerization of LysMA with acrylamide and the formation of multiple intermolecular hydrogen bonds within the network structures. Moreover, the acid, amine, and amide groups present in the LysMA molecules have proven to be instrumental contributors to the self-adhesion capability of the hydrogel. The validation of the pADL2.5 hydrogel’s exceptional mechanical properties through rigorous tensile tests further underscores its suitability for use in strain sensors. The outstanding stretchability, adhesive strength, and fatigue resistance demonstrated by this hydrogel affirm its potential as a key component in the development of robust and reliable strain sensors that fulfill practical requirements.

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“…[12][13][14] Furthermore, their water-rich nature and biocompatibility minimize adverse reactions when interfaced with biological systems. 15,16 Conductive polymers, 17,18 such as poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), 19 polyaniline (PANI), 20 polypyrrole (PPy), 21 and polythiophene, 22 or inorganic conductive additives, 23 including carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene, metal nanowires, liquid metal droplets, 24 and 2D transition metal carbides/nitrides (MXenes) 25 are commonly incorporated into the hydrogel matrix to construct flexible electronics. Although they have several benefits, hydrogels fail in long-term recording in bioelectronic applications as they dehydrate when exposed to the open air.…”

Section: Davidmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dry ionic conductive elastomers based on polymeric deep eutectic solvents for bioelectronics

Picchio,

Dominguez-Alfaro,

Minari

et al. 2024

J. Mater. Chem. C

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Electroactive and Stretchable Hydrogels of 3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene/thiophene Copolymers

Cited by 3 publications

References 69 publications

Stretchable, Adhesive, and Biocompatible Hydrogel Based on Iron–Dopamine Complexes

Stretchable, Adhesive, and Biocompatible Hydrogel Based on Iron–Dopamine Complexes

Lysine-Triggered Polymeric Hydrogels with Self-Adhesion, Stretchability, and Supportive Properties

Dry ionic conductive elastomers based on polymeric deep eutectic solvents for bioelectronics

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