Electro-optics of colloid–polyelectrolyte complexes: Counterion condensation on free and adsorbed sodium carboxymethyl cellulose

Effect of Temperature on the Reentrant Condensation in Polyelectrolyte−Liposome Complexation

“…Different theoretical models hypothesize that the counterions, on approaching to oppositely charged surface, 'condensed' around a highly charged linear polyelectrolyte would not necessarily be released because of entropic effects [46,15,47]. Recently, these hypotheses have also been substantiated by experimental evidence [48,49,7]. At the higher temperature, the increasing entropy of counterions reduces the effects of 'condensation' [50] so that the effective charge of the bare surface increases.…”

“…Despite the increasing body of experimental and theoretical work [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11], the mechanisms that drive the aggregation and stabilize the aggregate size are not completely understood.…”

Submicronic calcite particles with controlled morphology tailored by polymer skeletons via carbonation route with compressed or supercritical CO2

“…To explore the general factors that determined the formation of such ellipsoidal particles, we go back to the conformation of the NaCMC chains in aqueous solution. According to Kamburova and Radeva, 26 the conformation of NaCMC chains is extent, which is like a rod and we listed some parameters of NaCMC solution in Table 1. We infer that the rigidity of the NaCMC chain is the origin of the formation of ellipsoidal particles.…”

Electric polarizability dispersion of alumina particles with adsorbed carboxymethyl cellulose

“…To decrease the differences in the experimental conditions with the works of Radeva et al 82,83 we use the same experimental technique (electric light scattering under 90 ) and the same polymer sample (NaCMC with molecular mass M w z 250 kg mol À1 ). The difference consists only in the colloid particles: we chose aluminum oxide (achromic in the optical spectrum) instead of b-ferrioxide (coloured in the visible range).…”

“…Radeva's interpretation is that the electro-orientational effect is due to the condensed counterion polarization; the inference is based on estimation of n ch at a migration distance l, equal to the contour length L c ¼ 0.5 mm of the CMC used. 83 This estimation is wrong because it is based on the presumption that the adsorbed chain is a straight polyion with length L c . The polyelectrolyte chain can be considered as rod-like (both free in solution and adsorbed on a surface) only when L c is smaller than the persistent length l p (at low ionic strength l p z 15-17 nm for CMC with DS ¼ 1.2) 56 .…”