Electro-optically tunable microring resonators on lithium niobate

Wang, Tzyy-Jiann; Chu, Chia-Hui; Lin, C.-D.

doi:10.1364/ol.32.002777

Cited by 69 publications

(32 citation statements)

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“…This approach, however, would require re-fabrication of the BIC supporting structure. The idea of using the optoelectronic effect for manipulating the Q-factor has already been applied to liquid metacrystals 40,41 and microring resonantors [42][43][44] . We speculate that the analytical approaches proposed in this work may find application to various set-ups with optoelectronically controlled Q-factors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical defect mode with tunableQfactor in a one-dimensional anisotropic photonic crystal

2018

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We consider a one-dimensional photonic crystal composed of alternating layers of isotropic and anisotropic dielectric materials. Such a system has different band structures for different polarizations of light. We demonstrate that if an anisotropic defect layer is inserted into the structure, the crystal can support an optical bound state in the continuum. By tilting the principle dielectric axes of the defect layer relative to those of the photonic crystal we observe a long-lived resonance in the transmission spectrum. We derive an analytical expression for the decay rate of the resonance that agrees well with the numerical data by the Berreman anisotropic transfer matrix approach. An experimental set-up with a liquid crystal defect layer is proposed to tune the Q-factor of the resonance through applying an external electric field. We speculate that the set-up provides a simple and robust platform for observing optical bound states in the continuum in the form of resonances with tunable Q-factor.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical defect mode with tunableQfactor in a one-dimensional anisotropic photonic crystal

2018

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“…This is different for semiconductorbased WGM cavities where tuning of the cavity resonances is achievable by temperature-, field-or carrier-induced changes of the optical properties. [15][16][17][18] Liquid WGM resonators have been tuned by changing the size of the droplet resonators 19 or by mechanical size stretching. [20][21][22] But functional facility and reversibility are difficult to attain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optically controlled elastic microcavities

et al. 2015

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Whispering gallery mode (WGM) resonators made from dielectrics like glass or polymers have outstanding optical properties like huge cavity quality (Q) factors which can be achieved on scales compatible with on-chip integration. However, tunability of these resonances is typically difficult to achieve or not suitable for robust device applications. We report here on the fabrication of polymeric micro-goblet WGM resonators with an optically controlled and stable reversible tunability over a large spectral range. This tunability is achieved by integration of photo-responsive liquid crystalline elastomers (LCEs) into micro-goblet cavities. The optical response of the elastomer allows reshaping the goblet by employing low pump power, leading to a fully reversible tuning of the modes. The structure can be realistically implemented in on-chip devices, combining the ultra-high Q factors, typical of WGM resonators, with reliable, optical tunability. This result serves as an example of how light can control light, by invoking a physical reshaping of the structure. This way of optical tuning creates interesting possibilities for all-optical control in circuits, enabling interaction between signal and control beams and the realization of self-tuning cavities. Keywords: liquid crystal elastomers; polymeric cavities; tunable micro-resonators; whispering gallery modes INTRODUCTION Solid-state optical microcavities are versatile photonic devices which come in a large variety of appearances. 1 Of particular interest are whispering gallery mode (WGM) resonators which feature small modal volume and large quality (Q) factors. 2 They are highly attractive for fundamental physics studies like cavity quantum electrodynamics, 3 as well as for applications like single photon sources, 4 optical sensing 5 or communication technology. 6,7 A key feature of WGM microcavities is the occurrence of ultra-narrow optical resonances and the functionality of the cavity often relies on the shift of the resonance frequency. This is the case, e.g., for optical sensors where the modal shift indicates the presence of attached bio-molecules or a change in the composition of the surrounding medium. 5 Essential features of such resonators are thus a large free spectral range and a narrow linewidth of the resonances but for many applications additionally an active manipulation of the cavity resonances is required. Examples are the tuning of the cavity into resonance with a quantum emitter 8,9 or utilization of the cavity in optical filters and light modulators. 10 In the last decade, a new class of WGM resonators has emerged featuring ultra-high Q factors. These resonators have spherical, cylindrical, toroidal, disk or goblet shapes 1,9,11 and are made of silica, polymers or liquids. Besides their excellent sensing capabilities they can also be turned into micro-lasers when incorporating laser dyes 12 or quantum dots 13 or be coupled to form photonic molecules. 14 But an obstacle effectively hindering some applications of these cavities is the limited tunab...

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“…While LiNbO 3 exhibits excellent electro-optic properties, one problem is that standard titanium diffused waveguides (Ti:LiNbO 3 ) are limited in their bending radii. Tunable microring resonators have been realized with Ti:LiNbO 3 waveguides, but substrate wet etching is necessary prior to diffusion to create a ridge waveguide structure [1]. To avoid substrate etching, a hybrid As 2 S 3 on Ti:LiNbO 3 platform can be used to obtain tight bending radii.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electro-Optically Tunable ${\rm As}_{2}{\rm S}_{3}$ Mach–Zehnder Interferometer on ${\rm LiNbO}_{3}$ Substrate

Snider

Macik

Madsen

2012

IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.

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An electro-optically tunable vertically integrated As 2 S 3 Mach-Zehnder interferometer side coupled to a Ti-diffused waveguide on LiNbO 3 substrate was designed and fabricated. Asymmetric coplanar strip electrodes were placed along the As 2 S 3 path, which show strong electro-optic tuning capability, shifting the FSR of the interferometer. The tuning of the TM polarization with 7-mm-long electrodes having a 7-μm gap was observed with V π L = 15.9 V-cm, giving a tuning rate of 0.028 nm/V at 1530 nm. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of electro-optic tuning of an As 2 S 3 guided mode on LiNbO 3 substrate.Index Terms-Electro-optic devices, optical device fabrication, optical interferometry, tunable interferometer.

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Electro-optically tunable microring resonators on lithium niobate

Cited by 69 publications

References 0 publications

Optical defect mode with tunableQfactor in a one-dimensional anisotropic photonic crystal

Optical defect mode with tunableQfactor in a one-dimensional anisotropic photonic crystal

Optically controlled elastic microcavities

Electro-Optically Tunable ${\rm As}_{2}{\rm S}_{3}$ Mach–Zehnder Interferometer on ${\rm LiNbO}_{3}$ Substrate

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