Electro-Mechanical Impedance (EMI) Based Interlayer Slide Detection Using Piezoceramic Smart Aggregates—A Feasibility Study

Wu, Jianchao; Li, Weijie; Feng, Qian

doi:10.3390/s18103524

Cited by 22 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 51 publications

(57 reference statements)

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“…The EMI method detects the damage in the structure by analyzing the difference of mechanical impedance signatures before and after the structural damage [55,56,57]. This method works on the basis of the direct and inverse piezoelectric effect of the piezoelectric transducers [58]. This method is especially sensitive to the localized small damage in the structure [59,60].…”

Section: Detection Principlementioning

confidence: 99%

Looseness Monitoring of Bolted Spherical Joint Connection Using Electro-Mechanical Impedance Technique and BP Neural Networks

Dong

et al. 2019

Sensors

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The bolted spherical joint (BSJ) has wide applications in various space grid structures. The bar and the bolted sphere are connected by the high-strength bolt inside the joint. High-strength bolt is invisible outside the joint, which causes the difficulty in monitoring the bolt looseness. Moreover, the bolt looseness leads to the reduction of the local stiffness and bearing capacity for the structure. In this regard, this study used the electro-mechanical impedance (EMI) technique and back propagation neural networks (BPNNs) to monitor the bolt looseness inside the BSJ. Therefore, a space grid specimen having bolted spherical joints and tubular bars was considered for experimental evaluation. Different torques levels were applied on the sleeve to represent different looseness degrees of joint connection. As the torque levels increased, the looseness degrees of joint connection increased correspondingly. The lead zirconate titanate (PZT) patch was used and integrated with the tubular bar due to its strong piezoelectric effect. The root-mean-square deviation (RMSD) of the conductance signatures for the PZT patch were used as the looseness-monitoring indexes. Taking RMSD values of sub-frequency bands and the looseness degrees as inputs and outputs respectively, the BPNNs were trained and tested in twenty repeated experiments. The experimental results show that the formation of the bolt looseness can be detected according to the changes of looseness-monitoring indexes, and the degree of bolt looseness by the trained BPNNs. Overall, this research demonstrates that the proposed structural health monitoring (SHM) technique is feasible for monitoring the looseness of bolted spherical connection in space grid structures.

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Section: Detection Principlementioning

confidence: 99%

Looseness Monitoring of Bolted Spherical Joint Connection Using Electro-Mechanical Impedance Technique and BP Neural Networks

Dong

et al. 2019

Sensors

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“…Meanwhile, piezoceramic materials, with attractive features such as wide bandwidth (Li et al, 2018;Liao and Chiu, 2019), fast response (Di et al, 2019;Wu et al, 2019), low-cost, small dimension, dual actuation and sensing (Boller et al, 1999;Song et al, 2008), and ability to generate stress waves (Pierce et al, 2000;Staszewski, 2004), have a great potential in SHM (Xu et al, 2019). PZT-enabled SHM methods have been applied to detect multiple damages, such as impact (Fan et al, 2018;Sung et al, 2000;Xu et al, 2017), grout compactness (Jiang et al, 2016;Shi et al, 2018;Tian et al, 2018), debonding (Ma et al, 2016;Wu and Chang, 2006;Xu et al, 2013), bond-slip (Liang et al, 2016;Wu et al, 2018b;Xu et al, 2018), crack in pipelines (Du et al, 2016;Guan et al, 2019;Hong et al, 2017;Yan et al, 2018), welding fatigue (An et al, 2016;Kim, 2006;Yao et al, 2017), and bolt looseness (Shao et al, 2016;Wang et al, 2018a;Wang et al, 2018b), among others. In addition, various packaging techniques have been developed to increase the survivability of PZT transducers (Kong et al, 2017;Song et al, 2007;Song et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A nonlinear ultrasonic method for real-time bolt looseness monitoring using PZT transducer–enabled vibro-acoustic modulation

Zhao

Huo

Song

2019

Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures

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A real-time nonlinear ultrasonic method based on vibro-acoustic modulation is applied to monitor early bolt looseness quantitatively by using piezoceramic transducers. In addition to the ability to detect the early bolt looseness, a major contribution is that we replaced the shaker, which is commonly used in a vibro-acoustic modulation method, by a permanently installed and low-cost lead zirconate titanate patch. In vibro-acoustic modulation, when stimulating two input waves with distinctive frequencies, namely the high-frequency probing wave and the low-frequency pumping wave, the high-frequency probing wave will be modulated by the low-frequency pumping wave to generate sidebands in terms of bolt looseness. Thus, the influence of low-frequency voltage amplitudes on the modulation results, which is ambiguous in previous research, is also analyzed in this article. The results of experiment demonstrated that the lead zirconate titanate–enabled vibro-acoustic modulation method is reliable and easy to implement to identify the bolt looseness continuously and quantitatively. In addition, low-frequency amplitudes of actuating voltage should be selected in a reasonable range. Finally, we compared the vibro-acoustic modulation method with the time-reversal method based on the linear ultrasonic theory, and the result illustrates that vibro-acoustic modulation method has better performance in monitoring the early bolt looseness.

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“…Among them, the electromechanical impedance (EMI)-based damage detection method using a lead zirconate titanate (PZT) is becoming a powerful tool for local damage detection and evaluation. Different types of damages, such as pre-stress loss (Fan et al, 2018a;Huynh et al, 2018;Ryu et al, 2019;Wang et al, 2017Wang et al, , 2018, debonding (Li et al, 2018;Liang et al, 2016;Wu et al, 2018), stiffness change (Fan et al, 2018b;Lu et al, 2018aLu et al, , 2018bTinoco et al, 2019), and mass gain (Shi et al, 2018), can be effectively detected by such techniques. On the contrary, novel signal processing approaches were also proposed for extracting useful damage-related information (Fan et al, 2016(Fan et al, , 2018c(Fan et al, , 2018d.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An electromechanical impedance-instrumented corrosion-measuring probe

Liu

Gao

et al. 2019

Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures

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Corrosion of metallic structures widely existed in multiple industries, such as oil and gas, civil infrastructure, aerospace, mechanical, mining, and processing. Current available corrosion-monitoring methods are based on different sensing principles, which have their own advantages, and some drawbacks that may limit their application on some aspects. This article presents an electromechanical impedance-instrumented corrosion-measuring probe for corrosion monitoring. The proposed probe is fabricated by attaching a circular lead zirconate titanate patch onto a metal rod. Compared to other electromechanical impedance-based corrosion-monitoring methods, the probe is capable of isolating the influence of structural complexity, variations in loading and boundary conditions. Five probes were fabricated in the experimental study and three of them were subjected to accelerated corrosion tests to mimic the corrosion-induced mass loss damage. Results showed that the peak magnitude of the conductance signatures was reduced with the increase in corrosion amount. The variations in the conductance signatures were quantified by three statistical quantifying metrics, that is, root-mean-square deviation, mean absolute percentage deviation, and correlation coefficient deviation. All these metrics increase with the increase in corrosion amount, which can be used as an indicator of the corrosion process. This study proves that the proposed corrosion-measuring probe is effective in monitoring corrosion and shows promising application potential. This research also serves as a proof-of-concept study to demonstrate the capability of the electromechanical impedance technique in monitoring mass loss due to corrosion.

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Electro-Mechanical Impedance (EMI) Based Interlayer Slide Detection Using Piezoceramic Smart Aggregates—A Feasibility Study

Cited by 22 publications

References 51 publications

Looseness Monitoring of Bolted Spherical Joint Connection Using Electro-Mechanical Impedance Technique and BP Neural Networks

Looseness Monitoring of Bolted Spherical Joint Connection Using Electro-Mechanical Impedance Technique and BP Neural Networks

A nonlinear ultrasonic method for real-time bolt looseness monitoring using PZT transducer–enabled vibro-acoustic modulation

An electromechanical impedance-instrumented corrosion-measuring probe

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