Electro‐Drawn Drug‐Loaded Biodegradable Polymer Microneedles as a Viable Route to Hypodermic Injection

Vecchione, Raffaele; Coppola, Sara; Esposito, Eliana; Casale, Costantino; Vespini, Veronica; Grilli, Simonetta; Ferraro, Pietro; Netti, Paolo A.

doi:10.1002/adfm.201303679

Cited by 93 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…We define a smart way of fabrication of biodegradable active microaxicon (Figure 13), this optical microelements could be inserted in lab-on-chip devices [23]. In fact, axicon lenses are of great interest because of their particular optical properties: they change an incident Gaussian beam into a Bessel one.…”

Section: Biodegradable Active Microaxiconmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unusual 3D lithography approaches for fabrication of polymeric photonic microstructures

et al. 2014

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Novel and intriguing lithographic approaches based on instabilities of liquid polymers and electro-hydro-dynamic at nanoscale have been developed. The unusual fabrication methods were aimed at fabricating 3D polymeric microstructures. A variety of microstructures were fabricated and tested for applications in different fields LIQUID NANO DISPENSERA new opto-nanofluidic approach named Pyro-EHD is presented for dispensing liquid nano-pico-droplets through pyroelectric effect activated by hot tip source or an IR laser into a dielectric crystal using a non-invasive simple and powerful electrode-less configuration. The manipulation of small amounts of liquids at micro to nanometer scale is of great interest in many fields of technology: biotechnology, patterning by deposition of inorganic, organic and biological inks and photnics [1-4]. We show a new and simple system where the liquid actuation and dispensing has been achieved through electrode-less configurations using polar dielectric crystals such as Lithium Niobate (LN) crystal and by exploiting the pyroelectric effect [5,6]. The technique presented allows one to avoid the use of high-voltage power supplies and electrical circuits, and moreover there is no need to design and fabricate nanocapillary nozzles. The functionalization of the lithium niobate (LN) is obtained by micro-engineering the ferroelectric domains and by inducing the pyroelectric effect through the use of appropriate heat sources such as a IR laser beam [7]. The set-up consists basically of a polished 500-µm thick z-cut LN substrate (from Crystal Technology, Inc.) placed over a microscope glass slide at a specific distance fixed by appropriate spacers (Figure 1). A liquid drop or film is first deposited on the glass slide and successively the upper surface of the LN wafer is placed in contact with an heated-tip that can be scanned in order to induce point-wise thermal stimuli. The heated-tip is in axis with the droplet reservoir on the microscope glass slide. A conventional heated soldering tip was used as heated-tip-source. LN reacts to the thermal-stimuli by building-up an electric potential across the z-cut LN crystal's surfaces because of the pyroelectric effect, that consists in the spontaneous polarization change ∆Ps following to a temperature gradient ∆T. At equilibrium, the crystal Ps is fully screened by the external screening charge and no electric field exists [8]. When the heating source locally heats the crystal, a sudden surface charge density σ immediately appears given by neglecting losses, where Pc is the material-specific pyroelectric coefficient (Pc= -8.3 x 10 -5C/°C/m2 for LN @ 25°C). The electric field exerts an attractive force on the liquid . When the liquid starts to deform under the action of the electric field, two evolutions are possible. Case (I): if the liquid volume and the separation distance D between the two

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Section: Biodegradable Active Microaxiconmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unusual 3D lithography approaches for fabrication of polymeric photonic microstructures

et al. 2014

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“…(10)(11)(12) Recently, polymer microneedles have been fabricated for drug delivery. (13)(14)(15) However, even if these microneedles are successfully fabricated and tested for delivering drugs, their inherent shortcomings, such as poor mechanical property, limit their further development. In comparison, metal microneedles have high strength, but their fabrication process, which includees electroplating or laser machining, is very costly and complex such that they must be further developed and studied for popularization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Process Parameters and Performance Test for Fabricating Stainless-steel Metal Microneedles

Yan¹,

Tang²,

Hu³

et al. 2018

Sensors and Materials

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Using microneedles to transport drugs is one of the new, painless, and highly efficient transdermal drug delivery methods, which has made great strides in recent years. However, many hollow and solid microneedles are usually made of silicon and polymer materials that have poor mechanical properties. To improve their strength and reliability, in this study, metal microneedles were fabricated by dicing and electrochemical corrosion. Firstly, the process parameters of electrochemical corrosion, including current and solution, were discussed and analyzed in detail for fabricating microneedles with sharp tips. Secondly, the performance test of microneedles was carried out. In a force test, these microneedles could penetrate artificial skin and rat skin, and the skins remained intact. In an in vitro transdermal drug delivery test, the amount of permeated flux of bovine serum albumin (BSA) through treated rat skin increased by 5 times of the untreated ones.

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“…Traditional MNs are usually fabricated by using micromolds filled with drug solutions and polymer/sugar gels, followed by drying and stripping [24][25][26][27][28][29][30]. However, dissolving MNs usually require many minutes to dissolve in the skin and typically have difficulty being fully inserted into skin limited by the mechanical weakness of watersoluble excipient and the skin deformation under tension [31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapidly separating microneedles for transdermal drug delivery

et al. 2016

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Electro‐Drawn Drug‐Loaded Biodegradable Polymer Microneedles as a Viable Route to Hypodermic Injection

Cited by 93 publications

References 34 publications

Unusual 3D lithography approaches for fabrication of polymeric photonic microstructures

Unusual 3D lithography approaches for fabrication of polymeric photonic microstructures

Analysis of Process Parameters and Performance Test for Fabricating Stainless-steel Metal Microneedles

Rapidly separating microneedles for transdermal drug delivery

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