Electrifying the Haber–Bosch

Capdevila‐Cortada, Marçal

doi:10.1038/s41929-019-0414-4

Cited by 99 publications

(66 citation statements)

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“…3 Currently, NH 3 is mainly produced via a method of Haber−Bosch under conditions of high temperature and pressure, which involves massive energy consumption. [4][5][6] Electrochemical nitrogen (N 2 ) reduction reaction (NRR) provides an alternative route to generate NH 3 under ambient conditions, which has attracted enormous interest. 7,8 Unfortunately, the reaction rate and Faradic efficiencies are usually very low in the NRR due to the large bond energy of N≡N (941 kJ mol -1 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grain Boundaries Engineering of Hollow Copper Nanoparticles Enables Highly Efficient Ammonia Electrosynthesis from Nitrate

Qin

Zheng

et al. 2022

CCS Chem

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Electrochemical nitrate (NO 3 -) reduction reaction (NO 3 -RR) represents as an ideal route for the production of ammonia (NH 3 ) under ambient conditions. Although a markedly improved NH 3 production rate has achieved on the NO -RR than the nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR), the NH 3 production rate of NO 3 -RR is still well below the industrial Haber−Bosch route due to the lack of robust electrocatalysts for yielding high current densities with concurrently good suppression of hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Herein, we develop an in-situ electrochemical strategy for the synthesis of hollow carbon-coated Cu nanoparticles (NPs) with abundant grain boundaries (HSCu-AGB@C) for highly efficient NO 3 -RR in both alkaline and neutral media. Impressively, in alkaline media, the HSCu-AGB@C can achieve a maximum NH 3 Faradic efficiency of 94.2% with an ultrahigh NH 3 rate of 487.8 mmol g -1 cat h -1 at -0.2 V versus a reversible hydrogen electrode, more than 2.4-fold of the rate obtained on the Haber-Bosch. Both theoretic computations and experimental results uncover that the grain boundaries play the key to improve the NO 3 -RR performance. Provided here the industrial-scale NH 3 production rate may open exciting opportunities for the practical electrosynthesis NH 3 under ambient conditions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grain Boundaries Engineering of Hollow Copper Nanoparticles Enables Highly Efficient Ammonia Electrosynthesis from Nitrate

Qin

Zheng

et al. 2022

CCS Chem

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“…32,33 Secondly, from the standpoint of energy consumption, the conventional method of ammonia synthesis is so energyintensive that it accounts for over 1% of the global energy consumption. 34 Replacing coal with methane to produce hydrogen and improvements in compressor and energy integration technologies have enabled signicant reductions in the energy consumption for ammonia synthesis, down from over 60 GJ per tonne-NH 3 in the 1950s to around 30 GJ per tonne-NH 3 in the present day. 15 On selecting optimum values for process parameters, such as recycle ratio, inert level, separator temperature, etc., the energy consumption for the ammonia synthesis loop has been found to depend strongly on the equilibrium temperature at the reactor exit.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facilitating green ammonia manufacture under milder conditions: what do heterogeneous catalyst formulations have to offer?

Makepeace

Ravi

2022

Chem. Sci.

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“…Ammonia is increasingly important in modern society, not only as a fertilizer for plants 1 but also as a promising molecule to realize a hydrogen society because it is easy to handle 2 , 3 . Currently, most ammonia is produced by the Haber–Bosch process 4 , which consumes approximately 1–2% of the world’s energy supply 5 , 6 , and accounts for 1% of the world’s carbon dioxide emissions 7 , making it poorly sustainable. In nature, on the other hand, more than 90% of nitrogen fixation takes place by a process called biological nitrogen fixation (BNF), carried out by diazotrophs 8 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A critical role of an oxygen-responsive gene for aerobic nitrogenase activity in Azotobacter vinelandii and its application to Escherichia coli

Takimoto

Tatemichi

Aoki

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Since nitrogenase is irreversibly inactivated within a few minutes after exposure to oxygen, current studies on the heterologous expression of nitrogenase are limited to anaerobic conditions. This study comprehensively identified genes showing oxygen-concentration-dependent expression only under nitrogen-fixing conditions in Azotobacter vinelandii, an aerobic diazotroph. Among the identified genes, nafU, with an unknown function, was greatly upregulated under aerobic nitrogen-fixing conditions. Through replacement and overexpressing experiments, we suggested that nafU is involved in the maintenance of nitrogenase activity under aerobic nitrogenase activity. Furthermore, heterologous expression of nafU in nitrogenase-producing Escherichia coli increased nitrogenase activity under aerobic conditions by 9.7 times. Further analysis of NafU protein strongly suggested its localization in the inner membrane and raised the possibility that this protein may lower the oxygen concentration inside the cells. These findings provide new insights into the mechanisms for maintaining stable nitrogenase activity under aerobic conditions in A. vinelandii and provide a platform to advance the use of nitrogenase under aerobic conditions.

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Electrifying the Haber–Bosch

Cited by 99 publications

References 0 publications

Grain Boundaries Engineering of Hollow Copper Nanoparticles Enables Highly Efficient Ammonia Electrosynthesis from Nitrate

Grain Boundaries Engineering of Hollow Copper Nanoparticles Enables Highly Efficient Ammonia Electrosynthesis from Nitrate

Facilitating green ammonia manufacture under milder conditions: what do heterogeneous catalyst formulations have to offer?

A critical role of an oxygen-responsive gene for aerobic nitrogenase activity in Azotobacter vinelandii and its application to Escherichia coli

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