Electrification of the chemical industry—materials innovations for a lower carbon future

Eryazici, Ibrahim; Ramesh, Narayan; Villa, Carlos

doi:10.1557/s43577-021-00243-9

Cited by 25 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(18 reference statements)

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“…For each catalyst, all the measurements were conducted in triplicate. The recorded potentials were converted from Ag/AgCl (3 M KCl) scale to the reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) scale using equations ( 1) and (2).…”

Section: Electrochemical Characterization 2321 Electrocatalytic Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cobalt nickel boride as electrocatalyst for the oxidation of alcohols in alkaline media

et al. 2023

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A mixed Co and Ni boride precursor was synthesized via chemical reduction and subsequently annealed at 400 or 500 °C with or without prior addition of the monomer benzoxazine. The resulting mixed CoNiB materials were investigated as electrocatalysts for three alcohol oxidation reactions (AOR) in alkaline electrolyte: the oxidation of glycerol (GOR), ethylene glycol (EGOR) and ethanol (EOR). Comparison of the rotating disk electrode (RDE) cyclic voltammograms for the different catalysts revealed that CoNiB annealed at 500 °C without the addition of benzoxazine exhibited the lowest overpotentials in AORs at 10 mA cm–2, promoting GOR at 224 ± 6 mV lower potential compared to OER. When pyrolysis was conducted at 400 0 °C, the benzoxazine-containing catalyst showed a significant increase in the electrocatalytic activity for the AORs compared to the CoNiB catalyst only. The product selectivity on the different catalysts was investigated in a batch-type reactor with flow recirculation revealing formate as the main oxidation product during GOR and EGOR with faradaic efficiencies (FE) in a range of 60 – 80 %, while acetate was obtained during EOR (FE ~ 85 – 90 %). The electrode potential, electrolyte composition and the type of ionomer were explored with respect to their influence on the GOR selectivity. The use of different ionomers resulted in significant differences in the activity trends between RDE and the batch-type reactor with flow recirculation measurements, indicating a strong influence of the two different substrates used, namely glassy carbon and carbon paper on the catalyst formation and thus on the recorded electrochemical activity.

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Section: Electrochemical Characterization 2321 Electrocatalytic Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The sources of green energy such as wind and sunlight could then not only be used for the provision of electrical energy but also to directly produce basic chemicals and fuels. Electrocatalysis, which is precisely at the junction between electrical and chemical energy, will play a central role in accomplishing this task [1][2][3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cobalt nickel boride as electrocatalyst for the oxidation of alcohols in alkaline media

et al. 2023

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“…Cellulose is the most common biopolymer found in wood, hemp, and cotton and is the main component of lignocellulosic biomass. It belongs to the polysaccharide group, consisting of D-glucose molecules linked to each other linearly by β- (1,4) glycosidic bonds. The depolymerization process is carried out to break down the highly crystalline and hydrogen bonded cellulose into soluble monosaccharides such as glucose, xylose, (3R,4S,5S)-oxane-2,3,4,5-tetrol (arabinose) or (3S,4R,5R)-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-2,3,4,5-tetrol (fructose).…”

Section: ■ Another Renewable Feedstock For 12-propanediolmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 2019, the global chemical industry emitted 2.6 billion tonnes of CO 2 eq. 1 One of the solutions used to reduce the amount of CO 2 is the modernization of existing processes and the development of new processes based on renewable raw materials. 2 Research projects mainly focus on the possible applications of various abundant renewable resources such as natural oils, 3−5 saccharides, 6,7 lignin, 8−10 and algae 11,12 or their transformation products such as ethanol 13,14 or 1,2,3propanetriol (glycerol).…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Trends and Perspectives in Production of 1,2-Propanediol

Główka

Krawczyk

2023

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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The production of 1,2-propanediol is a significant challenge for the chemical industry due to the increasing demand for this versatile product and the pro-ecological regulatory actions. The traditional method of producing this compound through the hydrolysis of petroleum-derived 1,2-epoxypropane (propylene oxide) is energy intensive, and sustainable routes based on renewable raw materials are becoming more attractive. This perspective presents the current state of scientific and patent literature on the production of 1,2-propanediol and the implementation of new technologies by leading companies. This perspective also discusses alternative pathways, including glycerol hydrogenolysis and biotechnological methods, highlighting their potential to reduce energy consumption and lower the carbon footprint of the process. The focus is on modern methods, including chromium-free catalytic systems for glycerol hydrogenolysis, in situ hydrogen generation, and multifunctional catalysts for saccharides hydrolysis and hydrogenolysis. Biobased 1,2-propanediol produced from renewable alternative raw materials has great potential to replace traditional petroleum-derived 1,2-propanediol with substantial environmental and economic benefits.

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“…Electrification of the chemical industry is highly discussed (Eryazici et al, 2021). First steps towards commercialization are undertaken in electrification of the steam cracking process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of electrified ethylene production via biomass gasification and electrochemical CO reduction

et al. 2023

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The chemical industry needs new methods for sourcing carbon-containing feedstocks from renewable sources to decrease CO2 emissions and reduce reliance on fossil fuels. Ethylene, a crucial base chemical used for making polymers and ethylene oxide, is primarily produced through steam cracking of fossil feedstocks. However, an evolving technology is the electrochemical reduction of CO2 or CO to produce ethylene. The study assesses the environmental, economic and energetic performance of a new biomass-based process that produces ethylene based on the electrochemical reduction of CO. The results are based on mass and energy balances from process simulation. The CO is produced by either gasification of biomass or combustion of biomass with CO2 capture and CO2 electrolysis. Besides ethylene, the process produces acetic acid, ethanol, oxygen and hydrogen as by-products which are purified and sold. The annual output varies between 36 and 68 kt ethylene with a biomass input of 157 kt. The levelized cost of ethylene ranges from 3,920 to 7,163 €/t with the gasification routes being the most cost-effective. The ethylene price is heavily dependent on electricity price, current density, operating voltage, and by-product prices. The carbon efficiency of the gasification-based routes is lower (64%) than the combustion-based routes (85%–86%). However, the energy efficiency is higher for the gasification-based routes (42%) compared to the combustion-based routes (28%). Conversion of ethanol to ethylene increases the ethylene yield with minimal impacts on the ethylene price. In terms of CO2 emissions, the gasification-based routes show lower emissions. Scenarios using wind power show a significant emission reduction potential compared to fossil products.

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Electrification of the chemical industry—materials innovations for a lower carbon future

Cited by 25 publications

References 23 publications

Cobalt nickel boride as electrocatalyst for the oxidation of alcohols in alkaline media

Cobalt nickel boride as electrocatalyst for the oxidation of alcohols in alkaline media

New Trends and Perspectives in Production of 1,2-Propanediol

Assessment of electrified ethylene production via biomass gasification and electrochemical CO reduction

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