Electrically induced adiabatic frequency conversion in an integrated lithium niobate ring resonator

He, Xiaotong; Cortes-Herrera, Luis; Opong-Mensah, Kwadwo; Zhang, Yi; Song, Meiting; Agrawal, Govind P.; Cárdenas, Jaime

doi:10.1364/ol.473113

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The recent implementation of a chipintegrated adiabatic frequency converter showed frequency "jumps" of up to 14 GHz in only 14 ps. 10 This corresponds to 10 6 GHz/µs tuning rate. An FMCW LiDAR system based on such an adiabatic frequency converter could be operated at time scales orders of magnitude shorter than the state of the art.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adiabatic frequency conversion in a lithium niobate microresonator for FMCW-LiDAR

Mrokon,

Oehler,

Breunig

2024

Laser Resonators, Microresonators, and Beam Control XXVI

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Adiabatic frequency conversion (AFC) in microresonators is independent of the intensity of laser light, and it is free from phase matching restrictions. It even allows for changing the frequency of single photons. The AFC has been experimentally investigated for more than a decade in different configurations. However, despite of some impressive proof-of-concept demonstrations, adiabatic frequency converters remain relatively obscure compared to their nonlinear-optical counterparts. So far, adiabatic frequency converters for applications were a curiosity due to lack of experimental investigation. We demonstrate linear frequency chirps between 0 and 690 MHz around 1.5 µm wavelength generated by electro-optically driven AFC. This is achieved by applying linear voltage chirps between 0 and 20 V on a 300-µm-thick whispering gallery resonator made of lithium niobate with 1.2 mm major radius. The frequency chirps have less than 2 % rms deviation from perfect linearity at chirp times as low as 130 ns. We apply these chirps for frequency-modulated continuous-wave LiDAR as a proof for a practical application of AFC. We successfully determine distances between 0 and 6 m. The distance resolution is of the order of 10 cm and just limited by the chirp bandwidth. Our proof-of-concept demonstration shows that laser light from adiabatic frequency converters is useful for applications. The performance of the AFC-based FMCW LiDAR system can be improved by integrating the resonator on a chip since the same voltage provides higher electric fields. Here, electro-optically-induced frequency shifts of 10 GHz and more have already been demonstrated. This would increase the distance resolution by more than one order of magnitude.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adiabatic frequency conversion in a lithium niobate microresonator for FMCW-LiDAR

Mrokon,

Oehler,

Breunig

2024

Laser Resonators, Microresonators, and Beam Control XXVI

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“…However, in our study, the deviation from perfect linearity is considerably lower and it was fully limited by the equipment used and not by the tuning process itself. Furthermore, the huge potential regarding the tuning rate becomes even more clear if we look onto the recently realized on-chip version of an electro-optically driven adiabatic frequency converter 26 . Here 14 GHz tuning were achieved with a 14-ps-long voltage step.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, electro-optically driven adiabatic frequency tuning of 14 GHz in 14 ps, i.e. 10 6 GHz/µs was demonstrated with a chip-integrated microresonator made of lithium niobate 26 . Since frequency tuning in this scheme is enabled by the linear electro-optic effect and the laser remains untouched, it should be possible to generate linear frequency sweeps with coherence lengths beyond 10 m. Thus, electro-optically driven adiabatic frequency conversion might combine ultrafast and flexible frequency tuning with high linearity and large coherence length.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuous adiabatic frequency conversion for FMCW-LiDAR

Mrokon,

Oehler,

Breunig

2023

Preprint

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Continuous tuning of the frequency of laser light is the cornerstone for a plethora of applications in basic science as well as in the industrial environment. They range from the hunt for gravitational waves, the realization of optical clocks over health and environmental monitoring to distance measurements. So far, it is difficult to combine a wide tuning range (> 100 GHz) with sub-microsecond tuning times, intrinsic tuning linearity and coherence lengths beyond 10 m. We show that electro-optically driven adiabatic frequency converters using high Q microresonators made of lithium niobate are able to transfer arbitrary voltage signals into frequency chirps on time scales far below 1 μs. The temporal variation of the frequency nicely agrees with the one of the voltage applied. The corresponding coefficient of determination is R2 > 0.999. The coherence length of the emitted light is of the order of 100 m. In order to prove these findings, we apply linear frequency sweeps for FMCW LiDAR for distances between 0.5 and 10 m without any signs of nonlinearity. Our results show that electro-optically driven adiabatic frequency converters can be used in applications that require ultrafast and flexible continuous frequency tuning with intrinsic linearity and large coherence length.

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“…Recently, thin-film lithium niobate (TFLN) has shown great potential for integrated photonic devices due to the excellent optical properties including large EO coefficient and nonlinear optical coefficient, broad transparency window, and piezo-electric effect. [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] Using the TFLN platform, integrated EO modulators, nonlinear optical frequency converters, compact frequency comb, as well as on-chip microlasers and optical amplifiers have been demonstrated, showing unparalleled device performances in terms of optical loss, speed, nonlinear wavelength conversion efficiency, optical gain coefficient, and tunability. [29] Recently, we have reported a narrow-linewidth microlaser in a weakly perturbed erbium ion-doped TFLN microdisk employing an ultra-high Q polygon mode.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electro‐Optically Tunable Low Phase‐Noise Microwave Synthesizer in an Active Lithium Niobate Microdisk

Gao

et al. 2023

Laser & Photonics Reviews

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Photonic-based low-phase-noise microwave generation with real-time frequency tuning is crucial for a broad spectrum of subjects, including next-generation wireless communications, radar, metrology, and modern instrumentation. Here, for the first time to the best of the authors' knowledge, narrow-bandwidth dual-wavelength microlasers are generated from nearly-degenerate polygon modes in a high-Q active lithium niobate microdisk. The record-high-Q (≈10 7 ) nearly-degenerate polygon modes formation with independently controllable resonant wavelengths and free spectral ranges is enabled by the weak perturbation of the microdisks using a tapered fiber. Moreover, because a high spatial overlap factor between the pump and the dual-wavelength laser modes is achieved, the gain competition between the two lasing modes spatially separated with a 𝝅-phase difference is suppressed, leading to stable dual-wavelength laser generation with low threshold, and in turn, the low noise microwave source. The stable beating signal confirms the low phase-noise achieved in the tunable laser. Without the need of external phase stabilizers, the measured microwave signal shows a phase noise of −123 dBc Hz −1 and an electro-optic tuning efficiency of −1.66 MHz V −1 . The linewidth of the microwave signal is measured as 6.87 kHz, which is more than three orders of magnitude narrower than current records based on integrated dual-lasers.

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Electrically induced adiabatic frequency conversion in an integrated lithium niobate ring resonator

Cited by 9 publications

References 24 publications

Adiabatic frequency conversion in a lithium niobate microresonator for FMCW-LiDAR

Adiabatic frequency conversion in a lithium niobate microresonator for FMCW-LiDAR

Continuous adiabatic frequency conversion for FMCW-LiDAR

Electro‐Optically Tunable Low Phase‐Noise Microwave Synthesizer in an Active Lithium Niobate Microdisk

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