Electrically Controllable Terahertz Second‐Harmonic Generation in GaAs

Lee, Kanghee; Park, Jagang; Kang, Bong Joo; Kim, Dong-Won; Kim, Hyeon‐Don; Baek, Soojeong; Ahn, Kwang Jun; Min, Bumki; Rotermund, Fabıan

doi:10.1002/adom.202000359

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 52 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This is the first report of such χ (2) tuning and reversibility in nonlinear thin films. This positions our PZT thin films as an ideal candidate for new functionalities in thin films and integrated optics such as on‐chip optical parametric oscillators, frequency comb generators, [ 44 ] terahertz sources, [ 45 ] quantum sources, [ 46 ] and frequency converters. [ 47 ]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reversible and Tunable Second‐Order Nonlinear Optical Susceptibility in PZT Thin Films for Integrated Optics

Feutmba

Hermans

George

et al. 2021

Advanced Optical Materials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Second-order nonlinear optical processes enable a wide range of applications used in research and industry. The majority of available second-order nonlinear devices however relies on bulk nonlinear crystals with low second-order nonlinearity. By exploiting the advancements made in integrated optics, materials with large second-order nonlinearity could enable efficient and small-sized on-chip nonlinear devices at low cost. Unfortunately, silicon and silicon nitride, mostly used for photonics integrated circuits exhibit negligible second-order nonlinearity (χ (2) )and alternate materials have to be investigated. PZT thin films with high second-order nonlinearity stand as a good candidate for on-chip nonlinearity. We demonstrate here an electric-field induced tuning of χ (2) in PZT thin films grown on glass substrates with a tuning efficiency of 3.35 pmV -2 . We record strong second-harmonic generation and report a very high dominant tensor component ( ) of 128 pmV -1 . The χ (2) of our PZT thin films can be reversed by poling with a DC electric field at room temperature. This opens avenues for highly efficient and tunable on-chip nonlinear devices.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reversible and Tunable Second‐Order Nonlinear Optical Susceptibility in PZT Thin Films for Integrated Optics

Feutmba

Hermans

George

et al. 2021

Advanced Optical Materials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Nonlinear Phase Modulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, a study demonstrated electric field-induced second-harmonic generation (EFISHG) in the THz frequency in photoexcited GaAs by exploiting the highly nonlinear properties of electron drift transport and breaking its directional symmetry with an additional bias field. [293] The second-harmonic www.advopticalmat.de Adv. Optical Mater.…”

Section: Thz Reemission and Harmonic Generationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Nonlinear Optical Organic Crystals for Efficient Terahertz Wave Generation, Detection, and Applications

Kim

Kang

Puc

et al. 2021

Advanced Optical Materials

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ordering in the crystalline state should be simultaneously considered when designing organic π-conjugated crystals to achieve the desired physical properties. However, the prediction of the molecular ordering of organic π-conjugated chromophores in the crystalline state is still significantly difficult. This is because most organic π-conjugated chromophores exhibit several complex intermolecular and intramolecular interactions (and interionic interactions) with multiple possible molecular conformations during the self-assembling process in the crystalline state. [17,18] For each specific target application, a different targeted control of the molecular ordering of chromophores in the crystalline state is required, which is still an important issue in the molecular (and crystal) engineering of various organic π-conjugated crystalline materials.This issue is more critical for organic nonlinear optical (NLO) crystals and will be the focus of this review. Organic NLO crystals can be used in diverse nonlinear photonic applications, such as frequency down-and up-conversion, terahertz (THz) wave generation and detection, phase and amplitude electro-optic modulation, and high-speed telecommunication integrated optics. [19][20][21][22][23] Organic crystals must possess a noncentrosymmetric molecular ordering of chromophores to achieve second-order optical nonlinearity. However, in addition to the aforementioned complicated molecular interactions, the introduction of strong polar substituents (electron-donating groups (EDGs) and electron-withdrawing groups (EWGs)) on widely used push-pull π-conjugated chromophores to increase their molecular nonlinearity also increases their dipole moment. In many cases, a high dipole moment leads to a centrosymmetric ordering of chromophores with antiparallel dipole-dipole aggregation in the crystalline state (i.e., there is no macroscopic second-order optical nonlinearity). This tendency further complicates the development of new organic NLO crystals with large second-order optical nonlinearity. This is one of the reasons for only a few classes of organic crystals with state-of-theart optical nonlinearity being reported in the last few decades. Moreover, in addition to large macroscopic second-order optical nonlinearity, different NLO applications require different targeted physical properties (e.g., refractive index, dispersion of the refractive index, dielectric constant, and absorption coefficient) and crystal characteristics (e.g., direction of the polar axis, morphology, aperture size, thickness, and facets). Therefore, it Organic π-conjugated crystals with second-order optical nonlinearity are considerably attractive materials for diverse terahertz (THz) wave photonics. An overview of the research of organic nonlinear optical (NLO) crystals for THz wave generation, detection, and applications is provided here. First, the status of organic NLO crystals compared to other alternative THz materials is described. Second, the basic theory and requirements for organic THz generators and d...

show abstract

“…Alternatively, applying a DC bias field to a third-order nonlinear material can also induce a second-order nonlinear susceptibility, enabling electric-field-induced SHG (EFISHG). Electrically tunable dielectric metasurfaces for enhanced and controlled nonlinear optical emission have been recently studied theoretically 211 and also experimentally in bulk GaAs 212 and Si metasurfaces. 213 Research in high-harmonic generation and wave mixing phenomena started to develop only less than 5 years ago and have the added experimental complexity of multiple beam excitation or extended working spectral ranges.…”

Section: ■ Conclusion and Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Conclusion and Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonlinear Dielectric Nanoantennas and Metasurfaces: Frequency Conversion and Wavefront Control

Grinblat

2021

ACS Photonics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

High-index dielectric nanostructures can support optical resonances of electric and magnetic character with ultralow linear absorption. In contrast to plasmonics, they can be engineered to confine electromagnetic fields inside the resonator, amplifying intrinsic nonlinearities of the dielectric. In this Review I examine the ability of dielectric nanoantennas and metasurfaces for efficient harmonic generation and wave-mixing processes, as well as nonlinear wavefront manipulation of the incident and radiated light. A detailed comparison is made between the many nanoscopic dielectric configurations reported in the literature, evaluating the influence of the material, crystal symmetry, structure geometry, and the different resonances involved (electric and magnetic Mie modes, Fano resonances, and quasi-nonradiative states, including anapoles and quasi-bound states in the continuum). The nonlinear performance of the nanosystems is analyzed, with emphasis on frequency conversion efficiency and emission directionality control, also discussing recent advances in nonlinear imaging, nonlinear holography, and all-optical switching. The role of topology in nonlinear nanophotonics is reviewed in the end, and potential future directions in the field are laid out.

show abstract

Electrically Controllable Terahertz Second‐Harmonic Generation in GaAs

Cited by 15 publications

References 52 publications

Reversible and Tunable Second‐Order Nonlinear Optical Susceptibility in PZT Thin Films for Integrated Optics

Reversible and Tunable Second‐Order Nonlinear Optical Susceptibility in PZT Thin Films for Integrated Optics

Highly Nonlinear Optical Organic Crystals for Efficient Terahertz Wave Generation, Detection, and Applications

Nonlinear Dielectric Nanoantennas and Metasurfaces: Frequency Conversion and Wavefront Control

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About