Electrically conductive polymeric bi‐component fibers containing a high load of low‐structured carbon black

Nilsson, Erik; Rigdahl, Mikael; Hagström, Bengt

doi:10.1002/app.42255

Cited by 21 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…These trends in size and portability for electronic devices have naturally led to the rapid development of wearable electronics such as electronic skins, smart watches, and sport wristbands . Among various types of wearable electronics, textile electronics which combine conventional textiles and electronic devices is one of attractive choices because clothes are essential at all times for all humans regardless of age or gender . Therefore, many efforts have been made over the last decades to develop various textile electronics for wearable human−machine interfaces, biomedical applications, and smart sportswear .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in 1D Stretchable Electrodes and Devices for Textile and Wearable Electronics: Materials, Fabrications, and Applications

et al. 2019

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applications, and smart sportswear. [13][14][15][16][17] In this regard, stretchable and wearable electronic devices in the 1D form, which can be directly integrated into daily clothes without any inconsistency, are greatly promising for future wearable electronics. [18][19][20][21][22][23] In addition, the hierarchical property of the fibrous structures (fiber: a small and short piece of a strand, filament: a long strand, yarn: an intertwined 1D structure of fibers or filaments, and fabric: a flexible substance consisting of a network of yarns) makes 1D electronic devices and systems remarkably suitable for advanced wearable electronics. The 1D assemblies including the 1D electronic devices also have unique characteristics appropriate to wearable electronics such as softness, stretchability, breathability, and high tolerance to damage. [3] Stretchability, in particular, is one of the most important properties for practical wearable applications because smart clothes or textiles including such 1D electronic devices should be covered on soft and curved human body. [24] Furthermore, some parts of clothes are frequently stretched and deformed during natural movements in daily life, thereby increasing the importance of stretchability of 1D electronic devices. Although many of existing clothes have achieved certain stretchability with only rigid yarns through specific textile structures such as woven or knitted structures, the stretchability resulting from such textile structures is insufficient to cover high stretchability desired in specific applications. For example, high stretchability of textiles is highly required for sportswear in order to achieve a form-fitting property, high comfortability, and elasticity during exercise. For such purpose, various stretchable yarns such as spandex have been widely used in textile industry. These properties of textiles are also essential for various sensing applications of wearable and textile electronic, resulting that high stretchability should be achieved for the 1D electronic devices. [25,26] In addition, the high stretchability resulting from the use of stretchable conductive yarns can successfully prevent a bagging issue of smart textiles which degrades stability and reproducibility of the smart textiles. For achieving the 1D stretchable electronic devices and systems, the development of 1D stretchable electrodes such as conductive yarns or filaments with high electrical conductivity and stretchability is basically essential above other things. In this regard, recent advances toward developing various high-performance Research on wearable electronic devices that can be directly integrated into daily textiles or clothes has been explosively grown holding great potential for various practical wearable applications. These wearable electronic devices strongly demand 1D electronic devices that are light-weight, weavable, highly flexible, stretchable, and adaptable to comport to frequent deformations during usage in daily life. To this end, the development of 1D electrodes wit...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in 1D Stretchable Electrodes and Devices for Textile and Wearable Electronics: Materials, Fabrications, and Applications

et al. 2019

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“…Some researchers use dynamic rheology behaviors (complex viscosity (η*) , storage modulus (G’) , loss modulus (G”) ) to prove the existence of network structure in composites. The rheological behaviors of PET‐10 and E‐PET‐10 are depicted in Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The enhancement mechanism of flowability and modulus of PET/TFP‐glass composites

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2018

Polymer Composites

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Tin fluoride phosphate glass (TFP‐glass) has been found to improve the rheological properties and modulus of polar polymer, but the mechanism involved is still unrevealed. In this work, a kind of poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET)/TFP‐glass composites with low viscosity and high modulus were prepared by melt blending. In order to explore the enhancement mechanism of flowability and modulus, we investigated the structure change of PET before and after blending, the viscosity evolution of TFP‐glass during heating and the final phase morphology of PET/TFP‐glass composites. Based on intrinsic viscosity and rheological measurements, the improvement of the flowability was attributed to the decrease of molecular weight of PET and the macromolecular plasticizer effect of TFP‐glass. Non‐isothermal crystallization behaviors of the composites indicated that the crystallization properties of PET were improved due to heterogeneous nucleation effect of the TFP‐glass and the decreased molecular weight of PET. The improved crystallization of PET as well as strong interfacial interaction between PET and TFP‐glass contribute to a significant enhancement in the modulus of composites, as compared with pure PET. POLYM. COMPOS., 40:2555–2563, 2019. © 2018 Society of Plastics Engineers

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“…When the very same CB is melt compounded into a high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) a conductivity of about 2.5 S/cm at 40 wt % CB (26 vol %) was found . At 40 wt % CB (36 vol %) in the cellulose fiber the conductivity is about 0.004 S/cm.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We estimate the electrical percolation threshold for CB in the produced cellulose fibers to be at a volume fraction of about 0.34 where a network of conductive particles starts to build within the composite. The same CB in HDPE gave an electrical percolation threshold an order of magnitude lower (0.04) . This indicates that aggregates of primary carbon particles and larger agglomerates remain isolated and are largely separated by cellulose even if the CB content in the fiber approaches 50 wt %.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wet spun fibers from solutions of cellulose in an ionic liquid with suspended carbon nanoparticles

Härdelin

Hagström

2014

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Wet spun fibers from solutions of dissolving pulp in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate (EmimAc) with up to 50 wt % (based on cellulose) suspended carbon black and graphene nanoplatelets particles were studied. Carbon fillers were dispersed by simple shearing in a Couette type mixer and the resulting spin dope was extruded into a hot water coagulation bath from a single hole spinneret. Microstructure, mechanical properties, and electrical conductivity were assessed as a function of filler loading and discussed in comparison to melt spun fibers with similar fillers. The coagulation process and subsequent drying of wet spun fibers was found to produce a significant microporosity, more so the higher the filler loading. The electrical percolation threshold was quite high in the wet spun fibers and relatively modest values of conductivity were obtained with regard to the high filler loadings. Carbon black was found to be superior to graphene nanoplatelets. This was related to flow-induced orientation effects. The mechanical properties of the carbon-filled fibers were found to be similar or lower compared to the pure cellulose fibers because of low interfacial interactions and formation of microporosity.

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Electrically conductive polymeric bi‐component fibers containing a high load of low‐structured carbon black

Cited by 21 publications

References 30 publications

Recent Advances in 1D Stretchable Electrodes and Devices for Textile and Wearable Electronics: Materials, Fabrications, and Applications

Recent Advances in 1D Stretchable Electrodes and Devices for Textile and Wearable Electronics: Materials, Fabrications, and Applications

The enhancement mechanism of flowability and modulus of PET/TFP‐glass composites

Wet spun fibers from solutions of cellulose in an ionic liquid with suspended carbon nanoparticles

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