Electrically conductive carbon nanotube/graphene composite membrane for self-cleaning of biofouling via bubble generation

Carbon nanomaterial-based membranes for water and wastewater treatment under electrochemical assistance

“…7d-f). 172,265,[289][290][291] Besides, the movements of large cations in the CNT core (denoted as ionic pump) were considered to remove the adsorbed foulants in the membrane pores. 172 In addition, the hydroxide ions generated from water electrolysis on the membrane surface efficiently dissolved the silicate scaling developed during the MD process, negating the need for chemical cleaning.…”

Preparation, modification and antifouling properties of polyaniline conductive membranes for water treatment: a comprehensive review

“…26,28–30 Moreover, in situ electrochemical redox effectively slows down the accumulation of contaminants on the membrane, and the system can operate for a long period of time. 31–38,40…”

“…26,[28][29][30] Moreover, in situ electrochemical redox effectively slows down the accumulation of contaminants on the membrane, and the system can operate for a long period of time. [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38]40 In principle, membranes serving as electrodes must have good conductivities and electrochemical stabilities, especially those acting as anodes. Conventional polymer membranes are not conductive, even after the incorporation of highly conductive nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO), and they exhibit poor electron conductivity through the polymer network.…”

Design and In Situ Validation of Low-Cost and Easy to Apply Anti-Biofouling Techniques for Oceanographic Continuous Monitoring with Optical Instruments

“…New technologies have been presented in the recent literature to reduce the impact of biofilm, as also ways of controlling its presence on the surface of sensors. Different active techniques based on ultraviolet [ 18 , 19 , 20 ], laser [ 21 , 22 ], direct electrification [ 23 , 24 ], bubbles [ 25 ], or acoustics [ 26 , 27 , 28 ] were demonstrated to be effective but presented high energetic requirements for continuous and long-term monitoring.…”