Electrically‐assisted chemical vapor polymerization: A novel method for in situ polymerization of pyrrole

Abstract

This article offers a fast and innovative process for carrying out in situ polymerization of pyrrole onto a polyester fabric. This process is based on electrically-assisted chemical vapor polymerization that takes around 180 s to produce an electroconductive fabric with a surface resistance of as low as 70 Ω. The ultrasonication carried out at 20 kHz frequency is quite effective in binding the polymer to the fabric. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction studies confirm that the polymer formed is polypyrrole. The application of electric potential across an oxidant-enriched fabric results in polymer add-on of polypyrrole as high as 250%. The amount of polypyrrole formed and the surface resistance of the fabric are found to depend on the potential applied across the fabric. The concentrations of the oxidant and the dopant, the time of polymerization, and the rate of monomer vaporization are found to be critical in deciding the surface resistance of the fabric.

Co3O4 nanoparticle modified N, P co-doped carbon paper as sodium carrier to construct stable anodes for Na-metal batteries

“…Generally speaking, the charge transfer resistance ( R ct ) on the electrode can be reflected by the semi-circle of the high-frequency region in the Nyquist plot. 22,23 As can be seen from Fig. 3e, the interface resistance of the bare sodium electrode is very high before the cycle, which is 732.8 Ω, and the interface resistance drops rapidly to 221.6 Ω after 50 cycles.…”

“…On the other hand, electrochemical polymerization is comparatively fast, and a major advantage of electrochemical polymerization lies in the fact that the electrical potential may directly be used for polymerization without using any chemical oxidant. [22][23][24] Herein, we successfully synthesized Co 3 O 4 nanoparticles coated with N and P co-doped carbon paper (Co 3 O 4 @NP-CP) by electrodeposition, and obtained Na-based Co@NP-CP (Na-Co@NP-CP) anode is further formed by electrodeposited sodium onto the Co 3 O 4 @NP-CP. The synergistic effect between N, P co-doping and Co base phase not only greatly enhances the sodiophilicity of Co 3 O 4 @NP-CP framework, but also promotes the highly reversible Na stripping/deposition behavior during the whole cycle, which effectively inhibits the formation of Na dendrites.…”

“…On the other hand, electrochemical polymerization is comparatively fast, and a major advantage of electrochemical polymerization lies in the fact that the electrical potential may directly be used for polymerization without using any chemical oxidant. 22–24…”