Electrical Safety, Arc Flash Hazards, and "The Standards" A Comprehensive Overview

Swencki, S.J.; Smith, J.E.; Roybal, D.D.; Burns, D.D.; Wetzel, G.E.; Mohla, Daleep

doi:10.1109/pcicon.2005.1524572

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…An indepth report that includes an assessment of how groups and organizations are addressing arc flash hazards in LVMCCs is included in [5] and [6] (see also Part B of Table I). Although each of these groups is contributing to the further understanding of enhancing the safety of the LVMCC, the topic of establishing arc resistant requirements to contain internal arcing faults has yet to be addressed.…”

Section: A Overview Of Testing Guides That Address Arc Flashmentioning

confidence: 99%

Considerations in Applying Arc-Resistant Low Voltage Motor Control Centers in Refining Environments

Bugaris

Weber²

2013

IEEE Trans. on Ind. Applicat.

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Arc-resistant equipment is becoming increasingly common in North America and in the petrochemical industry. Traditionally, low voltage motor control centers (LVMCCs) designed to National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) standards have not been addressed in arc resistant testing guides. This paper describes how arc resistant principles can be applied to the LVMCC, which is constructed according to Underwriters Laboratory 845 (i.e., the NEMA ICS 18 600V class of equipment). A brief overview and history of applicable arc resistant testing guides, specific considerations for adapting internal arcing fault test procedures to LVMCCs, and considerations for specifying and installing arc-resistant LVMCCs in a refining environment are discussed.Index Terms-Arc flash, arc resistant, internal arc fault, low voltage motor control center (LVMCC).

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Section: A Overview Of Testing Guides That Address Arc Flashmentioning

confidence: 99%

Considerations in Applying Arc-Resistant Low Voltage Motor Control Centers in Refining Environments

Bugaris

Weber²

2013

IEEE Trans. on Ind. Applicat.

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“…An indepth report that includes an assessment of how groups and organizations are addressing arc flash hazards in LVMCCs is included in [5] and [6] (see also Table I, Part B). Although each of these groups is contributing to the further understanding of enhancing the safety of the LVMCC, the topic of establishing arc resistant requirements to contain internal arcing faults has yet to be addressed.…”

Section: A Overview Of Testing Guides That Address Arc Flashmentioning

confidence: 99%

Considerations in applying arc resistant low voltage motor control centers in refining environments

Bugaris

Weber²

2011

2011 Record of Conference Papers Industry Applications Society 58th Annual IEEE Petroleum and Chemical Industry Conference (PCI

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“…The arc-related issues like incident energy, arc flash boundary are calculated once the substation is in operation as power system protection does not require considering the arcrelated issues; instead, it considers the protection issues only. Therefore, very few papers give a little insight into the arcrelated issue [18,19] independently. Unfortunately, those findings are for the low voltage (LV) (~600V and below) system design.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Loading Effect on Fault Current and Arc Flash for a Coordinated Substation

Azam¹,

Schmidt²,

Elford³

et al. 2021

IEEE Access

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Due to load growth and various load types within the service territory, utilities need to enhance the utilization of substations. In any case, towards the coordinated substation design, the utilization of the transformers' most total capacity cannot be reduced just because there is a lack of proper coordination between transmission and distribution systems. The transmission and distribution systems' stability and safe operability must be investigated in a coordinated substation. The critical issues are the asymmetric fault currents on the high voltage and arc-related safety issues on the distribution switchgear at different dynamic loading scenarios. We found that when one 138 kV transmission line and two transformers are energized, with increased dynamic loading, from 40% and above, the substation, as a whole, gets gradually more stressed. Because of the highest amount of fault currents on the 138 kV bus, to avoid CT saturation, we need to consider that three transmission lines are connected, and all three transformers are running at 100% dynamic loading. At this value of dynamic loading, in the 13.2 kV switchgear, the incident energy is 2 cal/cm 2 , and the arc flash boundary is four feet, which ensures that all workers need to wear the proper arc-rated clothes to work on any de-energized cubicle of the switchgear.

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Electrical Safety, Arc Flash Hazards, and "The Standards" A Comprehensive Overview

Cited by 13 publications

References 3 publications

Considerations in Applying Arc-Resistant Low Voltage Motor Control Centers in Refining Environments

Considerations in Applying Arc-Resistant Low Voltage Motor Control Centers in Refining Environments

Considerations in applying arc resistant low voltage motor control centers in refining environments

Dynamic Loading Effect on Fault Current and Arc Flash for a Coordinated Substation

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