Electrical resistivity mapping of the buried stream channel of the Canopic branch in the western Nile Delta, Egypt

El-Gamili, M. M.; Shaaban, Fouad; El-Morsi, O.A

doi:10.1016/0899-5362(94)90046-9

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Nevertheless, taking the information of the SoE maps into account, the potential channels have been abandoned for at least 100 years. The anomalies might indicate promising locations for future ground-based investigations, e.g., for drillings and electric resistivity surveying, which have been successfully applied to detect near-surface fluvial deposits across the delta on varying spatial scales (e.g., Andres and Wunderlich, 1991;El Gamili et al, 2001;El-Qady et al, 2011;Lange-Athinodorou et al, 2019).…”

Section: Anomalies Of Potential Former River Coursesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Geophysical and geoarcheological investigations have been carried out in different regions of the delta at various scales. Most of these surveys relied principally on the sedimentological analysis of core drillings (e.g., Andres and Wunderlich, 1991;Wunderlich 1988Wunderlich , 1989Stanley and Warne, 1993a, b;Stanley et al, 1996;Flaux et al, 2012;Marriner et al, 2012;Ginau et al, 2019) and/or geophysical measurements (El-Gamili et al, 1994;El Gamili et al, 2001;El-Mahmoudi and Gabr, 2009;Pennington and Thomas, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mapping buried paleogeographical features of the Nile Delta (Egypt) using the Landsat archive

Ullmann¹,

Nill

Schiestl³

et al. 2020

E&G Quaternary Sci. J.

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Abstract. The contribution highlights the use of Landsat spectral-temporal metrics (STMs) for the detection of surface anomalies that are potentially related to buried near-surface paleogeomorphological deposits in the Nile Delta (Egypt), in particular for a buried river branch close to Buto. The processing was completed in the Google Earth Engine (GEE) for the entire Nile Delta and for selected seasons of the year (summer/winter) using Landsat data from 1985 to 2019. We derived the STMs of the tasseled cap transformation (TC), the Normalized Difference Wetness Index (NDWI), and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). These features were compared to historical topographic maps of the Survey of Egypt, CORONA imagery, the digital elevation model of the TanDEM-X mission, and modern high-resolution satellite imagery. The results suggest that the extent of channels is best revealed when differencing the median NDWI between summer (July/August) and winter (January/February) seasons (ΔNDWI). The observed difference is likely due to lower soil/plant moisture during summer, which is potentially caused by coarser-grained deposits and the morphology of the former levee. Similar anomalies were found in the immediate surroundings of several Pleistocene sand hills (“geziras”) and settlement mounds (“tells”) of the eastern delta, which allowed some mapping of the potential near-surface continuation. Such anomalies were not observed for the surroundings of tells of the western Nile Delta. Additional linear and meandering ΔNDWI anomalies were found in the eastern Nile Delta in the immediate surroundings of the ancient site of Bubastis (Tell Basta), as well as several kilometers north of Zagazig. These anomalies might indicate former courses of Nile river branches. However, the ΔNDWI does not provide an unambiguous delineation.

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Section: Anomalies Of Potential Former River Coursesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping buried paleogeographical features of the Nile Delta (Egypt) using the Landsat archive

Ullmann¹,

Nill

Schiestl³

et al. 2020

E&G Quaternary Sci. J.

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“…In the past, 2D Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) was commonly applied to delineate sedimentological differences of the subsurface without soil disturbance (e.g., [14][15][16][17][18]). In particular, the combination of geoelectrical resistivity mapping (i.e., vertical electrical soundings, ERT) and drilling has been applied successfully in the Nile Delta and Nile Valley in related studies aiming to identify and localize buried channels (e.g., [19][20][21][22][23]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Sacred Waterscape of the Temple of Bastet at Ancient Bubastis, Nile Delta (Egypt)

et al. 2021

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Sacred water canals or lakes, which provided water for all kinds of purification rites and other activities, were very speciﬁc and important features of temples in ancient Egypt. In addition to the longer-known textual record, preliminary geoarchaeological surveys have recently provided evidence of a sacred canal at the Temple of Bastet at Bubastis. In order to further explore the location, shape, and course of this canal and to find evidence of the existence of a second waterway, also described by Herodotus, 34 drillings and five 2D geoelectrical measurements were carried out in 2019 and 2020 near the temple. The drillings and 2D ERT surveying revealed loamy to clayey deposits with a thickness of up to five meters, most likely deposited in a very low energy fluvial system (i.e., a canal), allowing the reconstruction of two separate sacred canals both north and south of the Temple of Bastet. In addition to the course of the canals, the width of about 30 m fits Herodotus' description of the sacred waterways. The presence of numerous artefacts proved the anthropogenic use of the ancient canals, which were presumably connected to the Nile via a tributary or canal located west or northwest of Bubastis.

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“…Buried stream channels are favored targets for many geophysical exploration methods, depending on how marked are the physical property contrasts between their fill and the surrounding bedrock (Fitterman et al 1991;Smyth and Barrett 1994;El-Gamili et al 1994;Jenke 1996). DC resistivity methods of geophysical exploration are popular and have proved to be successful and have many applications in the fields of engineering, archaeology, geoenvironment, and hydrology (Elwood et al 1994;Powers et al 1999).…”

Section: A Afmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geophysical surveys to investigate the relation between the Quaternary Nile channels and the Messinian Nile canyon at East Nile Delta, Egypt

Mahmoudi

Gabr

2008

Arab J Geosci

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This paper compares the pattern of historical Eastern Nile Delta branches, delineated by geoelectric resistivity investigation, with the path of the Nile canyon of Messinian time revealed in seismic reflection. A close correlation is evident between the Late Quaternary Nile River channels and the Messinian canyons (wadies) in the eastern Nile Delta. This indicates that the Messinian canyons were a persistent topographic (or geomorphic) feature until historical branches. The results may also have implications for long-term patterns of subsidence in the delta area.

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Electrical resistivity mapping of the buried stream channel of the Canopic branch in the western Nile Delta, Egypt

Cited by 11 publications

References 3 publications

Mapping buried paleogeographical features of the Nile Delta (Egypt) using the Landsat archive

Mapping buried paleogeographical features of the Nile Delta (Egypt) using the Landsat archive

The Sacred Waterscape of the Temple of Bastet at Ancient Bubastis, Nile Delta (Egypt)

Geophysical surveys to investigate the relation between the Quaternary Nile channels and the Messinian Nile canyon at East Nile Delta, Egypt

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