Electrical properties of wood colonized by Gloeophyllum trabeum

Kirker, Grant T.; Bishell, Amy B.; Zelinka, Samuel L.

doi:10.1016/j.ibiod.2016.06.004

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(19 reference statements)

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“…In the soil block tests, the moisture content of the wood specimen would also depend on moisture generation from the breakdown of wood polymers by the fungus and active water translocation by the Forests 2020, 11, 299 3 of 10 fungus. It has been shown that for untreated wood in the standard soil block tests, the wood moisture content increases during the first 3 weeks of the decay test and then levels off in an optimal range for fungal growth [17]. Measurements of this type are lacking for acetylated wood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Wood Moisture Content and the Level of Acetylation on Brown Rot Decay

Zelinka

Kirker

Bishell

et al. 2020

Forests

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Acetylation is one of the most common types of wood modification and is commercially available throughout the world. Many studies have shown that acetylated wood is decay resistant at high levels of acetylation. Despite its widespread use, the mechanism by which acetylation prevents decay is still not fully understood. It is well known that at a given water activity, acetylation reduces the equilibrium moisture content of the wood cell wall. Furthermore, linear relationships have been found between the acetylation weight percent gain (WPG), wood moisture content, and the amount of mass loss in decay tests. This paper examines the relationships between wood moisture content and fungal growth in wood, with various levels of acetylation, by modifying the soil moisture content of standard soil block tests. The goal of the research is to determine if the reduction in fungal decay of acetylated wood is solely due to the reduction in moisture content or if there are additional antifungal effects of this chemical treatment. While a linear trend was observed between moisture content and mass loss caused by decay, it was not possible to separate out the effect of acetylation from fungal moisture generation. The data show significant deviations from previously proposed models for fungal moisture generation and suggest that these models cannot account for active moisture transport by the fungus. The study helps to advance our understanding of the role of moisture in the brown rot decay of modified wood.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Wood Moisture Content and the Level of Acetylation on Brown Rot Decay

Zelinka

Kirker

Bishell

et al. 2020

Forests

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“…However, the trend in the electrical resistance versus the ML is contrary to the findings of Kirker et al (2016). They found that the electrical resistance of wood significantly D r a f t decreased with the increase in the ML until approximately 10% ML.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…when wood starts to decay after the fungal attack. Because the resistance was not sensitive to the change in the MC and became constant when the MC was greater than 30% in sound wood (Kirker et al 2016;Gao et al 2018), the decrease in resistance cannot be attributed to the increase in the MC of decayed wood. Furthermore, as the electrical resistance exhibited a decreasing trend throughout the decay period from 4 to 24 weeks, the decrease in the resistance cannot simply be attributed to the increase in the MC of decaying wood but may significantly depend on the changes in the cation concentrations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of the degree of decay on the electrical resistance of wood degraded by brown-rot fungi

2019

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There have been limited efforts to investigate the association between wood decay and electrical resistance; consequently, we have examined the change in the electrical resistance of wood progressively decayed by brown-rot fungi to elucidate the effect of the degree of decay. The rate of mass loss of wood was used as an indicator of the degree of fungal decay. The changes in the moisture content and ion concentrations were measured at various decay stages. The results showed a significant difference in the electrical resistances of sound wood and fungal-treated wood after 24 weeks. The electrical resistance significantly decreased with the exposure time. The degree of decay increased as the mass loss increased, resulting in the severe breakdown of cell walls and the accumulation of fungal mycelia. Empirical models related to the rate of mass loss and the percent decrease in the electrical resistance were established. The moisture content and cation concentrations increased to various degrees in decayed wood. This increase in the cation concentration was considered to play a dominant role in the decrease in the electrical resistance. The study results provide valuable information for developing an electrical resistance based method coupled with ion content measurements for incipient wood decay detection.

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“…Moisture Content (MC) in wood affects its physical and mechanical properties [1][2][3][4]. Additionally, a high MC value above the fiber saturation point (roughly 30% MC) maintained over time increases the risk of infestation and decay of wooden substrate by wood-destroying fungi [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Wood Resistance Measurement Method Reducing the Initial Transient Instabilities Arising in DC Methods Due to Polarization Effects

et al. 2019

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A novel method for measuring the electrical resistance in wood is presented. It is based on applying an Alternating Current (AC) to two electrodes rammed into the wood. The method reduces the transient time for value stabilization. In case of Direct Current (DC) resistance measurement methods, typically used in wood measurement, an initial transient exists, invalidating the measured value during an initial transient period. This measurement method uses an electronic circuit based on a relaxation oscillator where the wood automatically sets the oscillation frequency depending on its electrical resistance. Compared to other AC methods, this circuit greatly simplifies the measurement process, not requiring any previous analysis for wood AC frequency estimation. Experimental results for four different wood species showed that, in all cases, the transient response of the measured wood resistance is improved when compared to the DC resistance method, reducing the stabilization time from 10–12 min in DC measurements to almost zero for the novel measurement method. The deviation between the initial wood resistance measurement and the stable value resulted in a range between 0.2% and 5% with the proposed method, while a range between 6% and 10% was obtained when using the DC method. Moreover, the proposed circuit is able to detect changes in wood resistance produced by small variations in temperature and environmental relative humidity during continuous long term measurements. For repeatability analysis, it was verified that similar ambient conditions of temperature and relative humidity (variations lower than 1 °C and 1%, respectively) in different moments provided variations lower than 1.5%. The method can also be applied to other fiber materials affectd by polarization effects when an electrical current is applied into them.

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Electrical properties of wood colonized by Gloeophyllum trabeum

Cited by 13 publications

References 12 publications

Effects of Wood Moisture Content and the Level of Acetylation on Brown Rot Decay

Effects of Wood Moisture Content and the Level of Acetylation on Brown Rot Decay

Effect of the degree of decay on the electrical resistance of wood degraded by brown-rot fungi

Novel Wood Resistance Measurement Method Reducing the Initial Transient Instabilities Arising in DC Methods Due to Polarization Effects

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