Electrical Properties of Rat Skin and Design of Implantable Antennas for Medical Wireless Telemetry

Karacolak, Tutku; Cooper, Robert C.; Topsakal, Erdem

doi:10.1109/tap.2009.2027197

Cited by 115 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Table VIII reports the power attenuation in the multilayered model and the external insulation ( and , respectively). Note that in this case is equal to with (8) where coincides with the radius of the external insulation shell (Fig. 1).…”

Section: External Insulation: Numerical Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

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The Effect of Insulating Layers on the Performance of Implanted Antennas

Merli

Fuchs

Mosig

et al. 2011

IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat.

118

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Abstract-This work presents the analysis of the influence of insulation on implanted antennas for biotelemetry applications in the Medical Device Radiocommunications Service band. Our goal is finding the insulation properties that facilitate power transmission, thus enhancing the communication between the implanted antenna and an external receiver. For this purpose, it has been found that a simplified model of human tissues based on spherical geometries excited by ideal sources (electric dipole, magnetic dipole and Huygens source) provides reasonable accuracy while remaining very tractable due to its analytical formulation. Our results show that a proper choice of the biocompatible internal insulation material can improve the radiation efficiency of the implanted antenna (up to six times for the investigated cases). External insulation facilitates the electromagnetic transition from the biological tissue to the outer free space, reducing the power absorbed by the human body. Summarizing, this work gives insights on the enhancement of power transmission, obtained with the use of both internal, biocompatible and external, flexible insulations. Therefore, it provides useful information for the design of implanted antennas.

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Section: External Insulation: Numerical Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…In order to improve the comfort of the patient, the whole system, including the antenna, must be as small as possible. This, along with the choice of the MedRadio band, (formerly Medical Implantable Communication Services band) implies the use of an electrically small antenna [2]- [8].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Insulating Layers on the Performance of Implanted Antennas

Merli

Fuchs

Mosig

et al. 2011

IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat.

118

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“…Biyotelemetri sistemlerinin önemli bileşenlerinden biri olan * İ lgili yazar: mhbucar@kocaeli.edu.tr anten elemanı, verilerin iletilmesini saglarken, sistemin küçültülmesinde de oldukça kritik bir rol oynamaktadır. Bu kapsamda, geliştirilecek anten elemanının biyotelemetri sistemlerinin gereksinimlerini karşılayacakşekilde minyatür boyutlu ve biyo-uyumlu olarak tasarlanması biyotelmetri sisteminin başarımı açısından oldukça önemlidir [3,[6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]. Biyotelemetri sistemlerinde, küçük hacim, düşük kayıp/maliyet/saçılma karakteristigi ve kolay üretim gibi saglamış oldugu avantajlar sebebiyle mikroşerit antenler tercih edilmektedir.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

ISM-Bandı Tıbbi Telemetri Uygulamaları için Fare Derisi Ekit Mikroşerit Spiral Anten Tasarımı ve In-Vitro Ölçümü

Uçar¹,

Uras²

2017

SDÜ Fen Bil Enst Der

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Anahtar KelimelerMikroşerit antenler, Implant anten, ISM-bandı, Deri taklit sıvısı, Biyotelemetri Özet: Bu çalışmada, ISM-bandı (Industrial, Scientific and Medical 2.4 − 2.48GHz) tıbbi telemetri uygulamaları için fare derisi içerisinde çalışan yeni bir ekit mikroşerit anten tasarımı sunulmaktadır. Arşimet spiral elemanını temel alan anten tasarımında ışıma elemanı, toprak (GP) destekli dielektrik (Rogers RO3210, ε r = 10.2) tabaka üzerine yerleştirilmiştir. Önerilen mikroşerit ekit anten tasarımının sayısal modellenmesi ve analizi elektriksel olarak fare derisi özelliklerine sahip ortamda (cole-cole modeli, ε f (ω), ρ = 1050 kg/m 3 ) gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada, ekit anten yapısına ait sayısal analiz ve fare derisi taklit sıvısı içerisindeki ölçüm sonuçlarına yer verilmektedir. Benzerleriyle kıyaslandıgında oldukça küçük boyutlu (r=6 mm) önerilen anten tasarımına ait benzetim ve ölçüm sonuçlarının oldukça uyumlu oldugu gözlemlenmektedir. Ekit anten tasarımına ait sayısal analizler CST Microwave benzetim programı ile elde edilmiştir. Design of A Rat Skin Implantable Microstrip Spiral Antenna for ISM-Band Medical Telemetry Operations and In-Vitro Measurement KeywordsMicrostrip antennas, Implantable antenna, ISM-band, Skin-mimicking gel, BiotelemetryAbstract: In this paper, a rat skin implantable microstrip spiral antenna design for ISM-band medical telemetry operations has been introduced. In the antenna design Archimedean spiral shaped radiation element is placed on to the ground (GP) backed dielectric (Rogers RO3210, ε r = 10.2) substrate. Numerical modeling and analysis of the proposed implantable microstrip antenna design is carried out in a dielectric material having rat skin properties (cole-cole model, ε f (ω), ρ = 1050 kg/m 3 ). In the paper, numerical analysis results of the proposed implantable antenna design along with the corresponding in-vitro measurements are presented.It has been observed that the simulation and measurement results of the implantable antenna design, which is quite small (r = 6mm) compared its counterparts, are reasonably similar. We note that the numerical analysis of the proposed antenna designs have been carried out using CST Microwave Studio.

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“…However, designing antennas for implantable telemetric systems is a quite challenging problem for researchers because of impedance matching, biocompatibility, low power requirements, antenna miniaturization, and high losses in the tissue. These factors play a vital role in the design for overall system reliability (9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of a Human Skin-Mimicking Gels for in Vitro Measurements of the Dual-Band Medical Implant Antenna

Doğancı

Uçar

Sondaş

2016

J. Turk. Chem. Soc., Sect. A: Chem.

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Abstract:The purposes of this study are to design a small size implantable antenna and to present a complementary recipe for a human skin-mimicking material for in vitro testing of implantable antennas operating at MICS (Medical Implant Communications Service, 402-405 MHz) and ISM (Industrial, Scientific and Medical, 2.4 GHz-2.48 GHz) bands. Approximate electrical properties of human tissues at MICS and ISM bands were obtained by mixing deionized water, sucrose, sodium chloride (NaCl), and poly(acrylic acid) (PAA or Carbomer) with different content percentages. To test the antenna in vitro, skin mimicking gels were made that to show electrical properties real skin tissue (relative permittivity (εr) and conductivity (σ)) for the operation frequencies of ISM and MICS bands. For the antenna performance evaluations the measurements of the antenna (return loss (S11)) have been performed by placing in to the skin mimicking gels. The measurements were taken in the 1 GHz -5 GHz frequency band. The measurement and simulation results are quite good agreement except some discrepancy in S11 levels and frequency bands.

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Electrical Properties of Rat Skin and Design of Implantable Antennas for Medical Wireless Telemetry

Cited by 115 publications

References 19 publications

The Effect of Insulating Layers on the Performance of Implanted Antennas

The Effect of Insulating Layers on the Performance of Implanted Antennas

ISM-Bandı Tıbbi Telemetri Uygulamaları için Fare Derisi Ekit Mikroşerit Spiral Anten Tasarımı ve In-Vitro Ölçümü

Preparation of a Human Skin-Mimicking Gels for in Vitro Measurements of the Dual-Band Medical Implant Antenna

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