Electrical Properties of Cementitious Systems: Formation Factor Determination and the Influence of Conditioning Procedures

Spragg, Robert; Villani, Chiara; Weiss, Jason

doi:10.1520/acem20150035

Cited by 17 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Previous work has demonstrated how finite layered effects can influence surface and bulk electrical measurements in different ways: half-space [44], or finite slab geometries [11,45–47]. One approach to investigate the effects of layered materials is to study the ratio of surface resistivity to uniaxial resistivity, as originally described by Morris et al [40].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If leaching occurs, as illustrated in Figure 1, the pore solution concentration (and resistivity) can change by a significant factor as ions migrate from the specimen into the surrounding storage solution. In a study by Spragg [11], this was shown, for the concrete considered, to be a factor of four. In this paper, experiments and modeling are combined to provide insights into the significance and magnitude of the influence of leaching on electrical properties measured in standardized tests.…”

Section: Research Significancementioning

confidence: 98%

“…Numerous research studies have shown a good correlation between this theoretical approach and experimental values, for a sealed sample, for ordinary portland cement (OPC) concretes, e.g. [11,20–24]. The primary concern with sealed specimens is they are not a saturated system, and Equation 1 is generally applied to a saturated system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Frequently, electrical resistivity is used to determine the ionic transport properties of concrete as it can be related to the chloride ion diffusion coefficient [10,11]. The diffusion coefficient can be used with service-life prediction models to estimate service life of a concrete element [12-14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a previous study, a simplified linear mass balance approach was used to estimate the change in pore solution resistivity based upon the change in the resistivity of the storage solution [11]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Leaching of conductive species: Implications to measurements of electrical resistivity

Spragg

Jones

Bu³

et al. 2017

Cement and Concrete Composites

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Electrical tests have been used to characterize the microstructure of porous materials, the measured electrical response being determined by the contribution of the microstructure (porosity and tortuosity) and the electrical properties of the solution (conductivity of the pore solution) inside the pores of the material. This study has shown how differences in concentration between the pore solution (i.e., the solution in the pores) and the storage solution surrounding the test specimen leads to significant transport (leaching) of the conductive ionic species between the pore solution and the storage solution. Leaching influences the resistivity of the pore solution, thereby influencing electrical measurements on the bulk material from either a surface or uniaxial bulk resistance test. This paper has three main conclusions: 1.) Leaching of conductive species does occur with concentration gradients and that a diffusion based approach can be used to estimate the time scale associated with this change. 2.) Leaching of ions in the pore solution can influence resistivity measurements, and the ratio of surface to uniaxial resistivity can be used as a method to assess the presence of leaching and 3.) An estimation of the magnitude of leaching for standardized tests of cementitious materials.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Research Significancementioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Leaching of conductive species: Implications to measurements of electrical resistivity

Spragg

Jones

Bu³

et al. 2017

Cement and Concrete Composites

Self Cite

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Zur Anwendbarkeit des Formationsfaktors als Gefügekennwert für Mörtel aus verschiedenen alternativen Bindemittelsystemen

Raupach,

Achenbach,

Ludwig

et al. 2023

ce papers

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KurzfassungIm Rahmen eines von der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft, DFG, geförderten Forschungsprojektes zum Einfluss alternativer Bindemittelsysteme auf das Korrosionsverhalten der Stahlbewehrung werden derzeit in Zusammenarbeit mit dem F. A. Finger‐Institut für Baustoffkunde der Bauhaus‐Universität Weimar und dem Institut für Baustoffforschung der RWTH Aachen University umfangreiche Untersuchungen durchgeführt. Im Rahmen dieses Projektes, wurde auch untersucht, inwiefern der sogenannte Formationsfaktor als eine einfach zu ermittelnde Kenngröße zur Charakterisierung des Gefüges geeignet ist.Der Formationsfaktor wird in der Geophysik seit Jahrzehnten zur Charakterisierung poröser Sandsteine und Böden verwendet. Er wird als Quotient des elektrischen Widerstandes der porösen Probe und dem elektrischen Widerstand des in den Poren enthaltenen Fluids ermittelt. Untersuchungen verschiedener Forscher zeigen, dass der Formationsfaktor unter bestimmten Randbedingungen für herkömmliche Betone sehr gut mit relevanten Transportkenngrößen und Schädigungsvorgängen korreliert. Im Rahmen dieses Beitrags soll herausgearbeitet werden, ob der Formationsfaktor auch als Gefügekennwert für Betone mit alternativen Bindemittelsystemen geeignet ist.

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Toward Performance Specifications for Concrete: Linking Resistivity, RCPT and Diffusion Predictions Using the Formation Factor for Use in Specifications

Weiss

Spragg

Isgor

et al. 2017

High Tech Concrete: Where Technology and Engineering Meet

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Electrical Properties of Cementitious Systems: Formation Factor Determination and the Influence of Conditioning Procedures

Cited by 17 publications

References 39 publications

Leaching of conductive species: Implications to measurements of electrical resistivity

Leaching of conductive species: Implications to measurements of electrical resistivity

Zur Anwendbarkeit des Formationsfaktors als Gefügekennwert für Mörtel aus verschiedenen alternativen Bindemittelsystemen

Toward Performance Specifications for Concrete: Linking Resistivity, RCPT and Diffusion Predictions Using the Formation Factor for Use in Specifications

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