Electrical downtilt through beam-steering versus mechanical downtilt (base station antennas)

Wilson, G. Lloyd

doi:10.1109/vetec.1992.245411

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…CCO by antenna tilting has been widely cover in the literature. Preliminary studies cover basic radio aspects in a tilted cell [22], [23]. Later studies check the impact of tilting on system performance by simulations [24]- [28] or field trials [29], [30].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Computationally Efficient Method for QoE-Driven Self-Planning of Antenna Tilts in a LTE Network

2020

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In future mobile communications systems, network management procedures must be upgraded to consider user quality of experience (QoE) to deal with service diversity. In this work, a computationally efficient centralized method for determining the best configuration of antenna tilts when planning a LTE network is presented. Unlike previous network-centric methods, the proposed self-planning method is driven by QoE criteria. The core of the method is the grouping of cells into clusters without mutual interference, which speeds up the search for the optimal solution with a classical steepest descent algorithm. Method assessment is carried out in a static system-level simulator adjusted with real connection traces. For this purpose, traffic demand in the scenario is broken down per location and service to estimate the QoE obtained by each antenna tilt plan. During the analysis, the method is compared with legacy tilt planning approaches. Results show that the proposed method achieves a near-optimal solution for the overall system QoE with a computational cost lower than state-of-the art algorithms previously reported in the literature.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Computationally Efficient Method for QoE-Driven Self-Planning of Antenna Tilts in a LTE Network

2020

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“…In order to increase system capacity and spectrum usage efficiency, Massive MIMO technology and frequency reuse technology are employed in base station research [15]. However, co-channel interference caused by frequency reuse between adjacent cellular systems should be prevented without blind area in many situations [16]. One of the most feasible methods to solve the problem and to increase signal coverage is the electrical down-tilt of the BSAA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual-polarized antenna design integrated with metasurface and partially reflective surface for 5G communication

Han

et al. 2020

EPJ Appl. Metamat.

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A design of electrical down-tilt dual-polarized base station antenna array (BSAA) for 5G communication applications is presented in this paper, which is realized by integrating with reconfigurable reflective metasurface and partially reflective surface (PRS). By controlling the varactor diodes which are inserted into the reflective elements, we can adjust the mainlobe direction of BSAA. Moreover, the PRS over the array is utilized to construct Fabry-Perot (FP) cavity with reflective metasurface and ground plane. Based on this design approach, a 1 × 6 dual-polarized BSAA operating from 3.4 GHz to 3.6 GHz is designed and fabricated. Simulated and measured results show that the gain is enhanced about 2.56 dB by PRS while side lobe level (SLL) is less than −20 dB. The mainlobe of the antenna array can be adjusted accurately within ±5° for beam down-tilt. The cross polarization discrimination (XPD) is less than −40 dB.

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“…The common base station often utilises fixed main beam at the down‐tilt angle, thus increasing the receive signal towards a mobile device. Tilted beam base stations can be achieved with the array antennas where phase to each element is electronically controlled [3, 4] or the position of the array is mechanically changed [5–7]. Firstly, electronically controlled arrays have been implemented based on the varactor diode and radio‐frequency (RF) microelectromechanical system (MEMS) actuated phase shifter to provide a flexible tilted beam range.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electromagnetic band gap‐dipole sub‐array antennas creating an enhanced tilted beams for future base station

Kim

Rahmat‐Samii

2015

IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation

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A novel customised electromagnetic band gap (EBG)-dipole sub-array antenna with a tilted beam for future basestation applications is presented. An enhanced tilted beam for the base-station antenna is one of the safest methods to increase radio coverage area adhering to the strict power requirements. An array of four dipole-EBG elements is designed demonstrating the enhanced down-tilt beam. Each single element consists of dipole antenna mounted on a customised EBG ground plane created by connecting several unit cells of the EBG. The proposed array radiates a tilted beam in order to achieve a high directivity at fixed down-tilt angle. The array antennas are simulated, fabricated and measured. The directivity of 11 dB is measured at the angle of 28°at 3.5 GHz. This directivity is 1.9 dB higher than the reference case that uses the broadside single element. In addition, the EBG-dipole array that can be mechanically tilted is designed. The proposed array antenna exhibits acceptable impedance matching across the operational frequency band.

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Electrical downtilt through beam-steering versus mechanical downtilt (base station antennas)

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

A Computationally Efficient Method for QoE-Driven Self-Planning of Antenna Tilts in a LTE Network

A Computationally Efficient Method for QoE-Driven Self-Planning of Antenna Tilts in a LTE Network

Dual-polarized antenna design integrated with metasurface and partially reflective surface for 5G communication

Electromagnetic band gap‐dipole sub‐array antennas creating an enhanced tilted beams for future base station

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