Electrical discontinuity of tissue substitute models at 27.12 MHz

Lehmann, Justus F.; McDougall, Jean A.; Guy, Alain; Chou, Chung‐Kwang; Esselman, Peter C.; Warren, C. Gerald

doi:10.1002/bem.2250040306

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 6 publications

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“…Joint mobilizations were performed immediately following the application of the PSWD. This is because the heat dissipates rapidly due to the thermal conduction away from the site from the vascular system 6 8 21 25 29 . It has been determined that the temperature rise in skeletal muscle due to PSWD decreases rapidly within the first 10 min after the diathermy application is completed 5 8 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Injuries Restored to ROM Using PSWD and Mobilizations

Do¹

2011

Int J Sports Med

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The purpose of this paper is to report the cases of 7 subjects who lacked full range of motion (ROM) in the elbow, and my treatment regimen of PSWD and joint mobilizations. 7 subjects presented with decreased elbow (ROM) due to extensive fractures and or dislocations from traumatic injuries. All subjects were post-surgical, 2 with internal fixation devices. Initial active extension for each patient was 17°, 23°, 28°, 25°, 45°, 30°, 26° respectively (range of 17-45 degrees). Treatment regimen consisted of PSWD to the anterior elbow for 20 min at 48 watts. Immediately after PSWD, mobilizations were administered to the elbow. Extension improved 19°, 21°, 25°, 23°, 20°, 30°, and 26°, respectively, after 6 or less treatments (range of 19-30 degrees). All but 1 patient returned to normal activities with functional ROM in all planes. Follow-up 4 weeks later indicated that all of the subjects maintained 85-100% of their extension. No negative effects were reported during the short-term follow-up. When precautions are taken, I propose PSWD (48 W) may be an appropriate adjunct to joint mobilizations to increase ROM in peripheral joints despite implanted metal.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Injuries Restored to ROM Using PSWD and Mobilizations

Do¹

2011

Int J Sports Med

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Comparative study of shortwave heating patterns in phantoms with polyethylene and silk partitions

Moon¹,

Kantor²,

Athey³

et al. 1988

Bioelectromagnetics

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Specific absorption rate (SAR) and effective depths of heating patterns induced by a shortwave, pancake diathermy applicator in fat-muscle phantom are measured. Midplane partitions of polyethylene and silk screen with and without contact chemicals are used. Thermographically obtained SAR data show nearly the same value for silk-screen partitions with and without contact chemicals and slightly lower values with polyethylene partitions, provided that the partition midplanes are tightly pressed against each other. Thermometry data indicate that for low-power exposures the major error in thermographic measurements obtained after termination of heating is due to thermal diffusion and not evaporative cooling in the opened midplane of the phantom.

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Evaluation of microwave hyperthermia applicators

Chou

1992

Bioelectromagnetics

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Hyperthermia has been used in conjunction with radiation and chemotherapy for cancer treatment. When using electromagnetic heating, applicators are critical components in contact with or in proximity to patients and can be the determining factor for effective and safe treatment. Tissue absorption of electromagnetic energy is determined by many factors. Three cases are shown to illustrate the complexity of microwave heating: 1) The BSD MA-151 applicator has good center heating on a muscle-only phantom as shown in the operation manual. When fat slabs of 0.25, 0.5, 1, and 2 cm thick were added, two hot spots near the periphery of the applicator were evident on all fat surfaces, exposed at 631 MHz. At 915 MHz, the heating was elongated on the surface of the models with 0.25- and 2-cm fat, and two hot spots were observed on the 0.5- and 1-cm fat surfaces. 2) Heating patterns of the Clini-Therm applicators on a muscle-only phantom, as indicated in the operations guide, are elliptical with their major axes perpendicular to the electric field. However, when a bolus is used, the elliptical pattern is parallel to the E field. 3) Heating patterns in cylindrical structures were studied with inhomogeneous models of limbs. Arm and thigh models consisting of fat, bone, and muscle material were heated with Clini-Therm L, M, and MS applicators at 915 MHz. In addition to the geometric effect, the results indicated that placing the applicators with E field parallel to the long axis of cylindrical structures can minimize required power, produce less heating of fats and reduce stray radiation. In conclusion, to apply penetrating microwave or other RF fields for tissue heating, one must simulate the clinical exposure conditions as closely as possible to obtain useful heating patterns.

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Electrical discontinuity of tissue substitute models at 27.12 MHz

Cited by 5 publications

References 6 publications

Injuries Restored to ROM Using PSWD and Mobilizations

Injuries Restored to ROM Using PSWD and Mobilizations

Comparative study of shortwave heating patterns in phantoms with polyethylene and silk partitions

Evaluation of microwave hyperthermia applicators

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