Electrical Discharge Surface Alloying of Ti and Fe Workpiece Materials Using Refractory Powder Compact Electrodes and Cu Wire

Aspinwall, D.K.; Dewes, R.C.; Lee, H.G.; Simão, Jorge; McKeown, P.A.

doi:10.1016/s0007-8506(07)60553-8

Cited by 63 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…This can be considerably harder than the bulk material or alternatively softer depending on the metallurgy. Harder layers can be beneficial in providing increased abrasion and corrosion resistance, while softer recast layers of specific composition may be advantageous in the joining of parts [1]. With conventional 'off the shelf' metallic electrodes operating with standard polarity, the reported level of workpiece alloying is very low <1%, however this can be greatly increased with the use of powder metallurgy (PM) electrodes, either in the form of green compact, partially sintered or fully sintered products and suitable operating regimes [2,3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cr/Ni, Ni/Co, Ni/Mn, Ni/Fe, Ni/Si, Cu/W, Cu/Mn, Cu/Co and TiC/WC/Co [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. The particle size ranges from ∼1 to 175 m with sintering pressures ∼100-540 MPa and temperatures from ∼900 to 1300 • C. Layer formation speed is reported to be about 10 times slower when solid Ti metal electrodes are used compared with Ti-green compact PM electrodes [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Use of powder metallurgy (PM) compacted electrodes for electrical discharge surface alloying/modification of Ti–6Al–4V alloy

Aspinwall

Voice

2007

Journal of Materials Processing Technology

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of powder metallurgy (PM) compacted electrodes for electrical discharge surface alloying/modification of Ti–6Al–4V alloy

Aspinwall

Voice

2007

Journal of Materials Processing Technology

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“…However, some constituents of the plasma channel are deposited back on the tool as well as the workpiece. Many researchers have reported the presence of constituents of tool electrode in the machined workpiece andvice-versa (Aspinwall, 2003). Pyrolysis of the hydrocarbon dielectric contributes carbon to the plasma channel and aids the process of material deposition (Lahiri er al., 1981).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the Surface Characteristics of AISI D3 Die Steel by Powder Mixed EDM Process

Panda¹,

Tjprc²

2018

IJMPERD

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Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) is a non-conventional machining process used for machining materials that are otherwise difficult to machine by conventional processes. Powder-Mixed EDM is a variant of EDM, in which an additive powder is added to the hydrocarbon dielectric. These suspended powders affect the energy distribution and sparking efficiency, and consequently the surface finish and micro-hardness. The machining operation generates a large amount of heat. Melting and fusion of these suspended powders with carbon from the hydrocarbon dielectric occur due to the heat generated. Under appropriate machining conditions, these materials may be deposited on the machined surface resulting in surface alloying and further increase in micro-hardness. In the present work, improvement in the surface characteristics after machining of AISI high-carbon high-chromium (D3) die steel with manganese powdermixed dielectric has been investigated. Results of the study show a significant improvement in micro-hardness and deterioration of surface finish. Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction of the machined surface indicates transfer of manganese and carbon in the form of manganese carbide. Quantitative analysis of the chemical composition of the machined surface was carried out on an optical emission spectrometer to verify the result.

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“…However, some of the constituents of the plasma channel are deposited back on the workpiece and the tool electrode. Many research works have reported the presence of the constituents of tool electrode in the machined workpiece surface and vice-versa (Aspinwall et al, 2003). Pyrolysis of the hydrocarbon dielectric contributes carbon to the plasma channel and aids the process of material deposition (Lahiri et al, 1981).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The process is not without its drawbacks, which include the difficulty in ensuring that the powder is held in suspension. This is easier with more viscous dielectrics but at the cost of reduced flushing efficiency (Aspinwall et al, 2003). To address the problem of powder settling, Wu et al (2005) added a surfactant with aluminum powder in the dielectric and observed a more apparent discharge distribution effect which resulted in a surface roughness (R a value) of less than 0.2 µm.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Surface Properties in Manganese Powder Mixed Electrical Discharge Machining of OHNS And D2 Die Steels

Kumar¹,

Singh²

2010

Int J Automot Mech Eng

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The electrical discharge machining (EDM) process is used for generating accurate internal profiles in hardened materials. An powder additive in the hydrocarbon dielectric affects the energy distribution and sparking efficiency, and consequently the surface finish and micro-hardness. In this paper the Taguchi approach has been used to optimize and compare the surface properties in manganese powder-mixed EDM of oil-hardening non-shrinkable (OHNS) and high-carbon high-chromium (D2) die steels. The results of the study show an improvement of 73% and 71.6% in the micro-hardness of OHNS and D2 die steels, respectively. The machining parameters for the best value of microhardness are found to be the same for both work materials. A scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis of the machined surfaces show a transfer of manganese and carbon from the plasma channel in the form of manganese carbide. The chemical composition of the machined surface has been further checked on an optical emission spectrometer to verify and quantify the results.

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Electrical Discharge Surface Alloying of Ti and Fe Workpiece Materials Using Refractory Powder Compact Electrodes and Cu Wire

Cited by 63 publications

References 19 publications

Use of powder metallurgy (PM) compacted electrodes for electrical discharge surface alloying/modification of Ti–6Al–4V alloy

Use of powder metallurgy (PM) compacted electrodes for electrical discharge surface alloying/modification of Ti–6Al–4V alloy

Investigation of the Surface Characteristics of AISI D3 Die Steel by Powder Mixed EDM Process

Investigation of Surface Properties in Manganese Powder Mixed Electrical Discharge Machining of OHNS And D2 Die Steels

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