Electrical Coupling in the Generation of Vertebrate Motor Rhythms

Li, W.-C.; Rekling, Jens C.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-803471-2.00011-4

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…Although the functional significance of such firing synchrony is not very clear, some modelling studies (Lewis and Rinzel, 2000;Gansert et al, 2007) and experimental evidence have indicated that synchronous firing reduces noise in neuronal networks and facilitates the efficient release of hormones/neurotransmitters to drive downstream neurons (e.g.,-communication between rod cells and bipolar cells in the retina; (Attwell et al, 1987)) release of hormones in the locus coeruleus (Christie et al, 1989) and substantia nigra (Grace and Bunney, 1983). Such networks of synchronously firing neurons are also found in vertebrate motor systems (Li and Rekling, 2017).…”

Section: Communication In Neural Circuits: Overview Of Electrical Syn...mentioning

confidence: 99%

A new player in circadian networks: Role of electrical synapses in regulating functions of the circadian clock

Iyer

Sheeba²

2022

Front. Physiol.

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Several studies have indicated that coherent circadian rhythms in behaviour can be manifested only when the underlying circadian oscillators function as a well-coupled network. The current literature suggests that circadian pacemaker neuronal networks rely heavily on communication mediated by chemical synapses comprising neuropeptides and neurotransmitters to regulate several behaviours and physiological processes. It has become increasingly clear that chemical synapses closely interact with electrical synapses and function together in the neuronal networks of most organisms. However, there are only a few studies which have examined the role of electrical synapses in circadian networks and here, we review our current understanding of gap junction proteins in circadian networks of various model systems. We describe the general mechanisms by which electrical synapses function in neural networks, their interactions with chemical neuromodulators and their contributions to the regulation of circadian rhythms. We also discuss the various methods available to characterize functional electrical synapses in these networks and the potential directions that remain to be explored to understand the roles of this relatively understudied mechanism of communication in modulating circadian behaviour.

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Section: Communication In Neural Circuits: Overview Of Electrical Syn...mentioning

confidence: 99%

A new player in circadian networks: Role of electrical synapses in regulating functions of the circadian clock

Iyer

Sheeba²

2022

Front. Physiol.

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“…A difference from the spinal circuitry is that the topographic precision of the population-integrated dopaminergic projection to the retina is not achieved by the distribution of presynaptic terminals and their amplification of ionotropic currents, but by acting on gap junctions. This reflects that gap junctions play a major role in retinal signal processing (Bloomfield and Volgyi, 2009), whereas the influence of electrical coupling within the spinal cord strongly decreases with developmental age (Li and Rekling, 2017). Thus, it is likely that precision scaling has independently emerged in different CNS regions based on the biochemical mechanisms that dominate the respective signal processing.…”

Section: Monoamines Scale Signals Throughout the Cnsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scaling Our World View: How Monoamines Can Put Context Into Brain Circuitry

Stratmann

Albu‐Schäffer

Jörntell

2018

Front. Cell. Neurosci.

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Monoamines are presumed to be diffuse metabotropic neuromodulators of the topographically and temporally precise ionotropic circuitry which dominates CNS functions. Their malfunction is strongly implicated in motor and cognitive disorders, but their function in behavioral and cognitive processing is scarcely understood. In this paper, the principles of such a monoaminergic function are conceptualized for locomotor control. We find that the serotonergic system in the ventral spinal cord scales ionotropic signals and shows topographic order that agrees with differential gain modulation of ionotropic subcircuits. Whereas the subcircuits can collectively signal predictive models of the world based on life-long learning, their differential scaling continuously adjusts these models to changing mechanical contexts based on sensory input on a fast time scale of a few 100 ms. The control theory of biomimetic robots demonstrates that this precision scaling is an effective and resource-efficient solution to adapt the activation of individual muscle groups during locomotion to changing conditions such as ground compliance and carried load. Although it is not unconceivable that spinal ionotropic circuitry could achieve scaling by itself, neurophysiological findings emphasize that this is a unique functionality of metabotropic effects since recent recordings in sensorimotor circuitry conflict with mechanisms proposed for ionotropic scaling in other CNS areas. We substantiate that precision scaling of ionotropic subcircuits is a main functional principle for many monoaminergic projections throughout the CNS, implying that the monoaminergic circuitry forms a network within the network composed of the ionotropic circuitry. Thereby, we provide an early-level interpretation of the mechanisms of psychopharmacological drugs that interfere with the monoaminergic systems.

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Electrical Synapses and Learning–Induced Plasticity in Motor Rhythmogenesis

Nargeot

Bédécarrats

2017

Network Functions and Plasticity

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Electrical Coupling in the Generation of Vertebrate Motor Rhythms

Cited by 3 publications

References 92 publications

A new player in circadian networks: Role of electrical synapses in regulating functions of the circadian clock

A new player in circadian networks: Role of electrical synapses in regulating functions of the circadian clock

Scaling Our World View: How Monoamines Can Put Context Into Brain Circuitry

Electrical Synapses and Learning–Induced Plasticity in Motor Rhythmogenesis

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