Electrical conductivity of glass and sapphire cells exposed to dry cesium vapor

Bouchiat, Marie-Anne; Guéna, Jocelyne; Jacquier, Ph.; Lintz, Michel; Papoyan, A.

doi:10.1007/s003400050752

Cited by 30 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Fitting all values of σ to equation (2) with a coverage dependent dipole moment, yields E a = 0.66 ± 0.02 eV. E a is similar to the E a for alkali atoms on similar surfaces [38][39][40][41].…”

Section: Fig 4 Temperature Dependence Of the E-fieldmentioning

confidence: 60%

Electric Field Cancellation on Quartz by Rb Adsorbate-Induced Negative Electron Affinity

et al. 2016

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We investigate the (0001) surface of single crystal quartz with a submonolayer of Rb adsorbates. Using Rydberg atom electromagnetically induced transparency, we investigate the electric fields resulting from Rb adsorbed on the quartz surface, and measure the activation energy of the Rb adsorbates. We show that the adsorbed Rb induces a negative electron affinity (NEA) on the quartz surface. The NEA surface allows low energy electrons to bind to the surface and cancel the electric field from the Rb adsorbates. Our results are important for integrating Rydberg atoms into hybrid quantum systems and the fundamental study of atom-surface interactions, as well as applications for electrons bound to a 2D surface.Due to recent technological advances in fabrication and trapping, hybrid quantum systems (HQS) consisting of atoms and surfaces, as well as electrons and surfaces, are fast emerging as ideal platforms for a diverse range of studies in quantum control, quantum simulation and computing, strongly correlated systems and microscopic probes of surfaces. Miniaturization of chip surfaces is necessary to achieve large platform scalability, but decoherence and noise emerge as serious challenges as feature sizes shrink [1][2][3]. Mitigating the noise is a fundamental and necessary step in realizing the full potential of HQSs for quantum technologies.Combining ultracold Rydberg atoms with surfaces for HQS is attractive because Rydberg atoms can have large sizes, significant electric dipole moments and strong interactions. There have recently been a host of theoretical proposals for utilizing Rydberg atoms near surfaces [4][5][6][7][8]. Progress on the experimental front has been hampered by uncertainties in characterizing interactions of atoms with surfaces, although some recent work in this regards are noteworthy [9][10][11].To take full advantage of Rydberg atom HQSs, a more complete understanding of surfaces is needed. One problem is that Rydberg atoms incident upon metal surfaces can be ionized [12, 13]. A second major hurdle is the background electric fields (Efields) caused by adsorbates [14][15][16][17][18][19]. Rydberg states are sensitive to adsorbate E-fields because they are highly polarizable [20]. Adsorbate E-fields have caused problems for other experiments as well, including Casimir-Polder measurements [21], and surface ion traps [22]. A possible solution is to minimize the E-fields by canceling them out.A convenient surface for applications in HQSs is quartz because of its extensive use in the semiconductor and optics industries. Despite numerous theoretical and experimental studies of bulk SiO 2 [23-25], the surface properties are not well understood. Recent theoretical work has focused on surface reconstruction and the adsorption of water and graphene [26][27][28][29][30]. The (0001) surface has been the subject of recent theoretical interest, partially due to its stability and low surface energy [26,30].In this work, we show that adsorption of Rb atoms on a quartz (SiO 2 (0001)) surface, contrary to prev...

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Section: Fig 4 Temperature Dependence Of the E-fieldmentioning

confidence: 60%

Electric Field Cancellation on Quartz by Rb Adsorbate-Induced Negative Electron Affinity

et al. 2016

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“…(25) results from the interference between the emitted and reflected fields. The second integral in Eq.…”

Section: Spontaneous Radiative Decay Ratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(25) results from the emission into the evanescent modes. We note that expression (25) for γ x is in full agreement with the results of the linear-response formalism [13,14]. However, the results of Refs.…”

Section: Spontaneous Radiative Decay Ratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spontaneous radiative decay of translational levels of an atom near a dielectric surface

Kien

Hakuta

2007

Phys. Rev. A

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We study spontaneous radiative decay of translational levels of an atom in the vicinity of a semi-infinite dielectric. We systematically derive the microscopic dynamical equations for the spontaneous decay process. We calculate analytically and numerically the radiative linewidths and the spontaneous transition rates for the translational levels. The roles of the interference between the emitted and reflected fields and of the transmission into the evanescent modes are clearly identified. Our numerical calculations for the silica-cesium interaction show that the radiative linewidths of the bound excited levels with large enough but not too large vibrational quantum numbers are moderately enhanced by the emission into the evanescent modes and those for the deep bound levels are substantially reduced by the surface-induced red shift of the transition frequency.

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“…In sapphire cells, measured surface conductivities are several orders of magnitude lower than in glass cells 3 . This allows one to apply an electric field inside a cesium cell using external electrodes 4 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Indeed the square resistance can be as low as 10 kΩ for the inner wall of a synthetic silica cell in the presence of a 10 13 at/cm 3 cesium vapor 3 . This can give rise to large conduction currents when high electric fields are applied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alkali-vapor cell with metal coated windows for efficient application of an electric field

Sarkisyan

Guéna

et al. 2005

Review of Scientific Instruments

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PACS: 39.00 (instrumentations and techniques for atomic and molecular physics), 33.55.Be (Zeeman and Stark effects), 79.60.-i (photoemission and photoelectron spectra). ABSTRACTWe describe the implementation of a cylindrical T-shaped alkali-vapor cell for laser spectroscopy in the presence of a longitudinal electric field. The two windows are used as two electrodes of the high-voltage assembly, which is made possible by a metallic coating which entirely covers the inner and outer sides of the windows except for a central area to let the laser beams in and out of the cell. This allows very efficient application of the electric field, up to 2 kV/cm in a rather dense superheated vapor, even when significant photoemission takes place at the windows during pulsed laser irradiation. The body of the cell is made of sapphire or alumina ceramic to prevent large currents resulting from surface conduction observed in 2 cesiated glass cells. The technique used to attach the monocrystalline sapphire windows to the cell body causes minimal stress birefringence in the windows. In addition, reflection losses at the windows can be made very small. The vapor cell operates with no buffer gas and has no magnetic part. The use of this kind of cell has resulted in an improvement of the signal-tonoise ratio in the measurement of Parity Violation in cesium vapor underway at ENS, Paris.The technique can be applied to other situations where a brazed assembly would give rise to unacceptably large birefringence in the windows.

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Electrical conductivity of glass and sapphire cells exposed to dry cesium vapor

Cited by 30 publications

References 2 publications

Electric Field Cancellation on Quartz by Rb Adsorbate-Induced Negative Electron Affinity

Electric Field Cancellation on Quartz by Rb Adsorbate-Induced Negative Electron Affinity

Spontaneous radiative decay of translational levels of an atom near a dielectric surface

Alkali-vapor cell with metal coated windows for efficient application of an electric field

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