Electrical and field emission investigation of individual carbon nanotubes from plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition

Milne, W. I.; Teo, K. B. K.; Chhowalla, Manishkumar; Amaratunga, G.A.J.; Lee, S. B.; Hasko, D. G.; Ahmed, H.; Gröening, O.; Legagneux, Pierre; Gangloff, L.; Schnell, J. P.; Pirio, G.; Pribat, Didier; Castignolles, M.; Loiseau, Annick; Semet, V.; Binh, Vu Thien

doi:10.1016/s0925-9635(02)00292-3

Cited by 74 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…However, the creation of vertically aligned nanowires (or microstructures) is desirable for many advanced applications such as field emission devices and displays [9] 21 , the rods will aligned along the lines of magnetic flux, which with a suitably designed magnetic structure, will be normal to the plane of the substrate.…”

Section: A Manufacturing Vertical Nanostructuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetophoretic assembly and printing of nanowires

Wright

Faulkner

2012

Journal of Vacuum Science &Amp; Technology B, Nanotechnology and Microelectronics: Materials, Processing, Measurement, and Phen

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Nanowires are a well-established class of materials covering both metals and semiconductors. Although the synthesis of nanowires has been highly developed, their manipulation into specific device structures has lagged behind. Here we report a simple room temperature method for creating directly patterned structures out of nickel nanowires of submicron diameters as previously formed by electrotemplating. Specially shaped magnetic pole-pieces are used to form patterns of these ferromagnetic rods on thin flexible plastic foils, which were then fixed permanently into place either by electrodepositing an additional thin nickel coating or by a UV-curable polymer solution. It is shown that it is possible with oriented and patterned magnetic fields to create both vertically and, by using additional surface tension forces upon drying, horizontally aligned arrays of nickel rods. The authors show that linewidths down to 50 μm can easily be realized with this technique and also show that direct printing of these magnetophoretically assembled structures onto adhesive or rubber substrates is also possible. The simplicity and low-cost inherent in this lithography-free method suggests that it is suitable as a general manufacturing method for nanowire assembly. As an example, a simple field emission display device is demonstrated. ASTRACTNanowires are a well-established class of materials covering both metals and semiconductors. While the synthesis of nanowires has been highly developed, their manipulation into specific device structures has lagged behind. Here we report a simple room temperature method for creating directly patterned structures out of nickel nanowires of sub-micron diameters as previously formed by electrotemplating. Specially shaped magnetic pole-pieces are used to form patterns of these ferromagnetic rods on thin flexible plastic foils and which were then fixed permanently into place either by electrodepositing an additional thin nickel coating or by a UV-curable polymer solution.It is shown that it is possible with oriented and patterned magnetic fields to create both vertically and, by using additional surface tension forces upon drying, horizontally aligned arrays of nickel rods. We show that line widths down to 50 microns can easily be realized with this technique and also show that direct printing of these magnetophoretically assembled structures onto adhesive or rubber substrates is also possible. The simplicity and low-cost inherent in this lithography-free method suggests that it is suitable as a general manufacturing method for nanowire assembly. As an example, a simple field emission display device is demonstrated.3

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Section: A Manufacturing Vertical Nanostructuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetophoretic assembly and printing of nanowires

Wright

Faulkner

2012

Journal of Vacuum Science &Amp; Technology B, Nanotechnology and Microelectronics: Materials, Processing, Measurement, and Phen

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“…Then a 150 nm thick layer of tungsten was deposited on the pattern. Plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) process [2] was used for the growth of CNTs. Several challenges were encountered during the fabrication as discuss in the following paragraphs.…”

Section: Fabrication Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…MWCNTs are mostly metallic and are able to carry high current densities. Due to their high conductivities and aspect ratios they produce very strong electric fields [2,3]. Myriad research has been dedicated towards utilizing MWCNTs as electrodes in applications like field emission displays [4], rectifiers and other electrical devices [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This technology offers completely new ways of controlling liquid crystals molecules, allowing the molecules to move in a variety of directions to create optical components such as nanophotonic lens array. The electric fields produced by the MWCNTs have a Gaussian like profile [2]. LC molecules align parallel to the spawned electric field, producing a three dimensional graded index optical structure which can be used for optical lensing and phase modulation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fabrication of Carbon Nanotubes on Inter-Digitated Metal Electrode for Switchable Nanophotonic Devices

Dai¹,

Butt²,

Rajasekharan³

et al. 2012

PIER

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Abstract-This paper reports the modeling and characterization of interdigitated rows of carbon nanotube electrodes used to address a liquid crystal media. Finite Element Method modeling of the nanotube arrays was performed to analyze the static electric fields produced to find suitable electrode geometry. A device was fabricated based on the simulation results and electro optics characteristics of the device are presented. This finding has applications in the development of micron and submicron pixels, precise beem steering and nanotube based active back planes.

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“…It is also possible to carry out single measurements on local sites. This characterization method has already been used to study CNT emitters [6,[11][12][13].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Microscopic analysis of performance variations in carbon nanotube field emission cathodes: Implications for device optimization

Berhanu¹,

Gröning²,

Chen³

et al. 2012

Physica Status Solidi (a)

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Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are considered very promising for the realization of low-cost field emission electron sources. However, despite intensive research and development efforts, the fabrication of reliable CNT cathodes for high current density (>100 mA/cm 2 ) applications remains a formidable challenge. In this study we use scanning anode field emission microscopy (SAFEM) to investigate the microscopic origins of macroscopic emission performance variations in chemical vapor deposition (CVD) grown CNT planar field emission cathodes. The field enhancement distributions are determined and the field emission properties of individual emission sites on the cathodes are probed. Contact I(V) measurements are carried out to estimate the resistance of individual emitters. The degradation behavior of individual sites is also studied and can be related with the macroscopic cathode performances. Scanning (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) provide additional information on the contact and structural properties of the cathodes. Our results indicate that the sample macroscopic performances depend strongly on the individual emitter field emission properties in terms of maximum current before degradation and contact resistance.

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Electrical and field emission investigation of individual carbon nanotubes from plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition

Cited by 74 publications

References 25 publications

Magnetophoretic assembly and printing of nanowires

Magnetophoretic assembly and printing of nanowires

Fabrication of Carbon Nanotubes on Inter-Digitated Metal Electrode for Switchable Nanophotonic Devices

Microscopic analysis of performance variations in carbon nanotube field emission cathodes: Implications for device optimization

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