Electrical and Electronic Connectors: Materials and Technology

Murty, Y. V.; Sujan, G.K.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-803581-8.01790-2

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…When two conducting materials are joined, the true area of contact at the interface determines the true cross section through which the electronic flow occurs. As illustrated in Figure A, the flow of electrons through these narrow areas causes an increase in resistance, which is known as constriction resistance . Accordingly, one can design sensors of high sensitivity using materials that have very low intrinsic sensitivity by engineering the microstructure such that the geometry of contact changes with deformation, which in turn significantly changes the electric resistance.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct 3D Printing of Highly Anisotropic, Flexible, Constriction-Resistive Sensors for Multidirectional Proprioception in Soft Robots

Mousavi

Howard

Zhang

et al. 2020

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

125

106

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A key missing technology for the emerging field of soft robotics is the provision of highly selective multidirectional tactile sensing that can be easily integrated into a robot using simple fabrication techniques. Conventional strain sensors, such as strain gauges, are typically designed to respond to strain in a single direction and are mounted on the external surface of a structure. Herein, we present a technique for three-dimensional (3D) printing of multidirectional, anisotropic, and constriction-resistive strain sensors, which can be directly integrated into the interior of soft robots. Using a carbon-nanotube-reinforced polylactic acid (PLA-CNT), both the sensing element and the conductive interconnect of the sensor system are 3D-printed. The sensor’s sensitivity and anisotropy can be adjusted by controlling the air gap between printed adjacent tracks, infill density, and build orientation relative to the main loading direction. In particular, sensors printed with a near-zero air gap, i.e., adjacent tracks forming a kissing bond, can achieve a gauge factor of ∼1342 perpendicular to the raster orientation and a gauge factor of ∼1 parallel to the raster orientation. The maximum directional selectivity of this ultrasensitive sensor is 31.4, which is approximately 9 times greater than the highest value reported for multidirectional sensors so far. The high sensitivity stems from the progressive opening and closing of the kissing bond between adjacent tracks. The potential of this type of sensors and the simple manufacturing process are demonstrated by integrating the sensor with a soft robotic actuator. The sensors are able to identify and quantify the bending deformation and angle in different directions. The ability to fabricate sensors with tailored footprints and directional selectivity during 3D printing of soft robotic systems paves the way toward highly customizable, highly integrated multifunctional soft robots that are better able to sense both themselves and their environments.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct 3D Printing of Highly Anisotropic, Flexible, Constriction-Resistive Sensors for Multidirectional Proprioception in Soft Robots

Mousavi

Howard

Zhang

et al. 2020

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

125

106

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“…The flow of electrons or current bent together through these contact areas causes an increase in resistance beyond fully conducting surfaces. This contact resistance is also known as constriction resistance [15,17]. The CR sensors were fabricated using an extremely simple FDM 3D printing technique.…”

Section: Fabrication and Characterization Of Cr Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 3D Printed, Constriction-Resistive Sensor for the Detection of Ultrasonic Waves

Blanloeuil

Vinoth

Howard

et al. 2021

Materials Research Proceedings

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Abstract. Ultrasonic waves, either bulk waves or guided waves, are commonly used for non-destructive evaluation, for example in structural health monitoring. Traditional sensors for detecting ultrasonic waves include metallic strain gauges and piezoelectric ceramics. Recently piezoresistive nanocomposites have emerged as a promising sensor with high sensing range. In this paper, a constriction-resistive based sensor made from a graphene reinforced PLA filament is developed using a fused deposition modelling 3D printing approach as a novel type of ultrasonic sensor for structural health monitoring purposes. The sensor is made of very low-cost and recyclable thermoplastic material, which is lightweight and can be either directly printed onto the surface of various engineering structures, or embedded into the interior of a structure via fused filament fabrication 3D printing. These characteristics make this sensor a promising candidate compared to the traditional sensors in detecting ultrasonic waves for structural health monitoring. The printed sensors can detect ultrasonic signals with frequencies around 200 kHz, with good signal-to-noise ratio and sensitivity. When deployed between two adjacent printed tracks , and exploiting a novel kissing-bond mechanism, the sensor is capable of detecting ultrasonic waves. Several confirmatory experiments were carried out on this printed sensor to validate the capability of the printed sensor for structural health monitoring.

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“…2 Their quality has a huge impact on the performance and quality of the products. 3 With maximum output and various types, polyamide is the most widely used engineering plastic. [4][5][6][7] And, PA 66 has good mechanical properties and electrical properties, such as wear resistance, oil resistance, selflubrication and acid and alkali resistance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Failure behavior of nylon products for red phosphorus flame retardant electrical connectors

Chen

et al. 2019

RSC Adv.

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Electrical and Electronic Connectors: Materials and Technology

Cited by 7 publications

References 12 publications

Direct 3D Printing of Highly Anisotropic, Flexible, Constriction-Resistive Sensors for Multidirectional Proprioception in Soft Robots

Direct 3D Printing of Highly Anisotropic, Flexible, Constriction-Resistive Sensors for Multidirectional Proprioception in Soft Robots

A 3D Printed, Constriction-Resistive Sensor for the Detection of Ultrasonic Waves

Failure behavior of nylon products for red phosphorus flame retardant electrical connectors

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