Electric vehicle range extension strategies based on improved AC system in cold climate – A review

Zhang, Ziqi; Wang, Dandong; Zhang, Chengquan; Chen, Jiangping

doi:10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2017.12.018

Cited by 87 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…The average value of electrical energy consumption with (E regen ) or without (E noregen ) regenerative braking features is shown in Eqs. (5) and (6). E c1 and E c2 are the values of E c for each set of tests (one set consists of daily measurements in a total period of 32 days).…”

Section: Calculation Of the Vehicle Energy Consumptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The flow pattern of the coolant affects the thermal profile of the battery cells [5]. A strategy to regulate the air-conditioning system of the EV might also influence the mileage, since hot or cold weather conditions would affect the electrical load of the air-conditioning system [6]. These studies show that the more efficient use of electrical energy inside the battery would directly increase the mileage of electric vehicles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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The influence of the regenerative braking on the overall energy consumption of a converted electric vehicle

et al. 2020

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Electrical energy consumption of a converted electric vehicle in the real-world environment has been examined. The objective of such test is to compare the overall energy consumption of a vehicle with and without regenerative braking features. For each test, sets of data such as the total testing time, the batteries charge and/or discharge power, and the vehicle mileage were collected and analyzed to determine the energy consumption. The reliability of the data was tested using confidence intervals, which could be used as an indication of the level of confidence that the average value taken could represent the average population. The average value of energy consumption in the vehicles with and without regenerative braking is 145.26 Wh/km and 154.79 Wh/km, respectively. The difference between the average energy consumption from those two conditions, which is 9.53 Wh/km, has 95% probability to be accurate, as indicated by the confidence intervals test. This shows a decrease in electrical energy consumption by about 6.16%, which indicates an enhancement in mileage or vehicles efficiency.

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Section: Calculation Of the Vehicle Energy Consumptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The influence of the regenerative braking on the overall energy consumption of a converted electric vehicle

et al. 2020

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“…This type of vapor compression system utilizes heat from the environment and shows a significant advantage in energy conservation and driving range improvement in comparison with an electric heater, also known as an air-conditioning heat pump (ACHP). The truth is that investigation on ACHP performance and reliability for EVs is still urgently needed for high standards of the automotives and complicated working conditions [6,7]. In terms of hardware, the performance optimization of the ACHP system includes the optimization of system components, such as compressors, heat exchangers, expansion valves, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the initial stage of system performance matching, these components are determined according to the capability required by the system, such as cooling and heating capacity. After components are determined, cooling and heating performance of the system needs to be evaluated under off-design conditions, which is an important procedure of system optimization [3][4][5][6][7]. Then, the components and piping layout should be optimized to achieve better system performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study of Optimal Refrigerant Charge Amount Determination for Air-Conditioning Heat Pump System in Electric Vehicles

Jin

Liu

et al. 2020

Energies

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With regard to concerns about an electric vehicle’s driving range extension in a cold climate, an air-conditioning heat pump (ACHP) shows considerable advantage over thermoelectric heaters for battery energy conservation. The effect of refrigerant charge amount for cooling and heating performance of the ACHP system is significant. The optimal charge, realizing the optimal system performance, is usually determined by experiments of cooling and heating performance. In this paper, the optimal charge determination process based on a newly designed ACHP applied in electric vehicles was introduced. Relationships of characteristics with charge in two modes were investigated by experimental and theoretical methods. Firstly, the performance of the ACHP system was respectively investigated at different charge amounts in cooling and heating operating conditions according to key parameters of system cycles. Secondly, the intersection platforms of subcooling and superheat variation curves with refrigerant charge amount were obtained for determining optimal charge amount of the system further by comprehensive analysis. Finally, the theoretical calculation of charge with three instructive and classical void friction correlation models were applied for better comparisons. It was found that charge amount calculated by the Hughmark model proved to be most consistent with the comprehensive experimental results.

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“…The papers [2][3][4] has introduced that peak load was occurred when A/C system and powertrain system are enabled at the same time. Energy consumption of A/C system decreases driving range about 36% [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study of Hybrid Energy Storage System for Electric vehicle Air Conditioning System

2020

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This paper introduces improvement efficiency of battery for air-conditioning (A/C) system. Super-capacitor (SCs) is mounted with Lithium-ion battery called hybrid energy storage system (HESS). The system modeling of heat system in passenger room and battery pack are derived to represent system in mathematic model. The characteristic of power loss relative to discharge rate are examined using several models of Li-Ion battery. The relationship between discharge rate and power loss in battery is tested by experiment kits. A/C system of passenger car is simplified to demonstration kit. Single energy storage system (SESS) and HESS batteries are used as energy storage. The both typed of energy storage are tested with on-off control. HESS outperforms rather than SESS. The efficiency of HESS battery is greater than SESS about 57.57% at peak load and 14.34% at rated load.

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Electric vehicle range extension strategies based on improved AC system in cold climate – A review

Cited by 87 publications

References 58 publications

The influence of the regenerative braking on the overall energy consumption of a converted electric vehicle

The influence of the regenerative braking on the overall energy consumption of a converted electric vehicle

A Study of Optimal Refrigerant Charge Amount Determination for Air-Conditioning Heat Pump System in Electric Vehicles

A Study of Hybrid Energy Storage System for Electric vehicle Air Conditioning System

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