Electric three-wheelers as an alternative to combustion-engined autorickshaws in Dar es Salaam - Generation of a standard drive cycle, Power Train modelling and simulation of the energy demand of light electric vehicles

Wächter, Christian; Schuttoff, Martin; Rinderknecht, Frank; Goletz, Mirko; Ehebrecht, Daniel; Lenz, Barbara; Kühnel, Meike; Hanke, Benedikt

doi:10.1109/ever48776.2020.9242941

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The paper discusses the standard DCs and the generated DCs considering the specific application of the vehicle and the authors also stress that only certain DCs should be used and measured to optimize the performance of the vehicle. 23 For design of vehicles and their components, DCs play an important role. DCs majorly help the vehicle manufacturers to understand the vehicle behaviour and indirectly the environmental impacts of the vehicles as and when operated.…”

Section: Drive Cycles and Its Importancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The authors of this paper have measured and have seen major variations in DCs for road with different terrains. The paper discusses the standard DCs and the generated DCs considering the specific application of the vehicle and the authors also stress that only certain DCs should be used and measured to optimize the performance of the vehicle 23 …”

Section: Drive Cycles and Its Importancementioning

confidence: 99%

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Energy consumption estimation for electric two‐wheeler using different drive cycles for achieving optimum efficiency

et al. 2022

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Electric vehicles (EVs) are fast evolving and their technological advancement is taking at a rapid pace. The performance usually depends upon two basic parameters for an EV, the range of the vehicle and energy consumption per kilometre for the vehicle. Drive cycles (DCs) play a major role in designing EVs. Many DCs are currently used such as the Indian drive cycle (IDC), New European Drive Cycle (NEDC), Worldwide Harmonised Light Vehicle Test Procedure (WLTP) to check the performance of vehicle in term of their emissions and working standards. This paper compares an electric two‐wheeler scooter with these standard DCs for range and energy consumption estimation and found out that the range obtained using NEDC drive cycle was 130 km in comparison with the IDC which was about 95 km. The paper also highlights the importance of good infrastructure of roads in India to optimize the driving range of the electric vehicle and also stresses the use of good cooling techniques of batteries for range enhancement of EVs.

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Section: Drive Cycles and Its Importancementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Drive Cycles and Its Importancementioning

confidence: 99%

Energy consumption estimation for electric two‐wheeler using different drive cycles for achieving optimum efficiency

et al. 2022

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“…22 The authors have measured and observed significant variations in DCs for roads with various topographies. The authors emphasised that only a limited set of drive cycles should be employed and measured in order to maximise the performance of the vehicle as stated in the work, 23 as opposed to standard DCs and generated DCs taking into account the specific application of the vehicle. DCs are crucial for the design of vehicles and the parts that make them up.…”

Section: Drive Cycles and Its Importancementioning

confidence: 99%

Differentiation of various drive cycles for estimating an electric four wheeler's energy utilisation for efficacious performance

2022

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Electric vehicles (EVs) have gained popularity due to unforeseen environmental issues which are on board due to use of fossil fuels. Considering the performance of EVs is mostly driven by two main parameters the range of EVs and energy consumption per kilometre driven by the vehicles. The range of EVs is inversely proportional to the energy consumption per kilometre. Drive cycles are designed to help estimate energy consumption per kilometre of the vehicle. The various DCs used are Indian Drive Cycle (IDC), New European Drive Cycle (NEDC), Worldwide Harmonised Light Vehicle Test Procedure (WLTP) and many more. The article analyses the vehicle dynamics specifications of TATA NEXON EV and calculations based on the used DCs to estimate the range of the vehicle in NEDC and IDC which was found to be 330 and 288 km, respectively. The article highlights the importance of estimating or calculating the energy consumption as it is important to determine the range of the vehicle. All automobile makers in the world are trying to decrease the energy consumption per kilometre consumption to enhance range thereby making changes in design of the vehicle but without compromising the safety of the customers. The article finally focuses on the importance of proper infrastructure facilities of roads and signalling system across the roads along with efficient battery cooling techniques helps enhance the range and life of EVs and lithium-ion batteries. An electric four-wheeler with the identical specifications utilised less energy when tested on the NEDC as opposed to the IDC.

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“…Regulation of mobility services: Dar es Salaam banned motorcycles from operating as taxis in the city center not only because of their impacts on congestion and air pollution but primarily due to road safety concerns and alleged links to criminality [41,42]. Moreover, non-taxi users of motorcycles and three-wheelers who desire to enter or park in the Central Business District (CBD) of Dar es Salaam are expected to apply for a permit from the Dar es Salaam City Council before doing so [43].…”

Section: Exnovation Functions 1: Bans Of Unsustainable Technologies and Practicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Other Side of the (Policy) Coin: Analyzing Exnovation Policies for the Urban Mobility Transition in Eight Cities around the Globe

et al. 2021

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Many cities all over the world highlight the need to transform their urban mobility systems into more sustainable ones, to confront pressing issues such as air and noise pollution, and to deliver on climate change mitigation action. While the support of innovations is high on the agenda of both national and local authorities, consciously phasing-out unsustainable technologies and practices is often neglected. However, this other side of the policy coin, ‘exnovation’, is a crucial element for the mobility transition. We developed a framework to facilitate a more comprehensive assessment of urban mobility transition policies, systematically integrating exnovation policies. It links exnovation functions as identified in transition studies with insights from urban mobility studies and empirical findings from eight city case studies around the world. The findings suggest that most cities use some kinds of exnovation policies to address selective urban mobility issues, e.g., phasing-out diesel buses, restricting the use of polluting motor vehicles in some parts of the city, etc. Still, we found no evidence for a systematic exnovation approach alongside the innovation policies. Our framework specifies exnovation functions for the urban mobility transition by lining out policy levers and concrete measure examples. We hope that the framework inspires future in-depth research, but also political action to advance the urban mobility transition.

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Electric three-wheelers as an alternative to combustion-engined autorickshaws in Dar es Salaam - Generation of a standard drive cycle, Power Train modelling and simulation of the energy demand of light electric vehicles

Cited by 7 publications

References 4 publications

Energy consumption estimation for electric two‐wheeler using different drive cycles for achieving optimum efficiency

Energy consumption estimation for electric two‐wheeler using different drive cycles for achieving optimum efficiency

Differentiation of various drive cycles for estimating an electric four wheeler's energy utilisation for efficacious performance

The Other Side of the (Policy) Coin: Analyzing Exnovation Policies for the Urban Mobility Transition in Eight Cities around the Globe

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