Electric states of spinel LixMn2O4 as a cathode of the rechargeable battery

Lattice Instability in Li(LixMn2−x)O4

“…6. Finally, the transition disappears at spinel oxides and LiMn 2 O 4 (Mn yϩ : y ϭ 3.5) is just on the around x ϭ 0.035, which corresponds to a mere Ͻ2% Li critical point (8)(9)(10)(11).…”

Diagnosis of Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy in Lithium-Ion Batteries

“…When the LiMn 2 O 4 fully converted to Mn 2 O 4 , the inductive loop was disappeared. As reported in the literature [67,101], there has a twostep reversible (de)intercalation reaction, in which lithium ions occupy two different tetragonal 8a sites in spinel …”

Modeling Lithium Intercalation of a Single Spinel Particle under Potentiodynamic Control

“…Thus s ϭ U app [14] where U app is the applied potential. This is a reasonable assumption because the specific conductivity of the spinel 17 is 10 Ϫ4 ⍀ Ϫ1 cm Ϫ1 .…”