This work investigates
the effect of copper substitution on the
magnetic properties of SmCo5 thin films synthesized by
molecular beam epitaxy. A series of thin films with varying concentrations
of Cu were grown under otherwise identical conditions to disentangle
structural and compositional effects on the magnetic behavior. The
combined experimental and theoretical studies show that Cu substitution
at the Co3g sites not only stabilizes the formation of
the SmCo5 structure but also enhances magnetic anisotropy
and coercivity. Density functional theory calculations indicate that
Sm(Co4Cu3g)5 possesses a higher single-ion
anisotropy as compared to pure SmCo5. In addition, X-ray
magnetic circular dichroism reveals that Cu substitution causes an
increasing decoupling of the Sm 4f and Co 3d moments. Scanning transmission
electron microscopy confirms predominantly SmCo5 phase
formation and reveals nanoscale inhomogeneities in the Cu and Co distribution.
Our study based on thin film model systems and advanced characterization
as well as modeling reveals novel aspects of the complex interplay
of intrinsic and extrinsic contributions to magnetic hysteresis in
rare-earth-based magnets, i.e., the combination of increased intrinsic
anisotropy due to Cu substitution and the extrinsic effect of inhomogeneous
elemental distribution of Cu and Co.