Electric field engineering using quantum-size-effect-tuned heterojunctions

Adinolfi, Valerio; Ning, Zhijun; Xu, Jixian; Masala, S.; Zhitomirsky, David; Thon, Susanna M.; Sargent, Edward H.

doi:10.1063/1.4813074

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…O mais recente desenvolvimento em células solares de pontos quânticos se dá por essas células de homojunção p-n. [135][136][137] Com a substituição da camada aceitadora de elétrons, a camada espessa de TiO 2 , por uma camada de PQ do tipo n, a junção pode ser composta unicamente por PQs, do tipo p de um lado, e do tipo n do outro. A justificativa dessa configuração é que os fótons solares podem ser absorvidos por ambos os lados da junção, e os portadores de carga podem ser eficientemente gerados e separados.…”

Section: Células Solares De Homojunçãounclassified

Células solares sensibilizadas por pontos quânticos

Vitoreti¹,

Corrêa²,

Raphael³

et al. 2016

Quim. Nova

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publicado na web em 25/11/2016 QUANTUM DOT-SENSITIZED SOLAR CELLS. Quantum dot solar cells (QDSC) have been subject of extensive research in recent years. QDSC, as a promising alternative to existing solar cells, are among the candidates for next-generation photovoltaic devices that require low cost, high efficiency, so that quantum dots stand out for their unique features and versatile desirable on photovoltaic systems. The rapid development of QDSC provided a significant increase in energy conversion efficiency, which was certified for the first time in 2010 as 2% then being currently as 11.3%, according to the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). This paper presents a review of the quantum dot-sensitized solar cells and the major advances reported concerning these cells, besides other types of cell architectures involving quantum dots.Keywords: quantum dots; solar cells; quantum dot-sensitized solar cell. INTRODUÇÃONos dias atuais, há um forte apelo a respeito do aquecimento global proveniente do aumento da emissão de gases que agravam o efeito estufa, como o CO 2 , e suas várias consequências para o nosso planeta, como elevação do nível dos mares e alterações climáticas. 1Além disso, sabe-se que as reservas de combustíveis fósseis são finitas, e que a exploração destes combustíveis causa sérios danos ao meio ambiente, pois geram bilhões de toneladas de gases como CO 2 , CO, SO 2 , NO x , além de aerossóis que são lançados na atmosfera.Nesse sentido, com o intuito de prevenir um colapso climático, 2 países desenvolvidos têm agora por lei que diminuir drasticamente a emissão de tais gases, e, para isso, têm se valido de alternativas limpas e renováveis como biomassa, energia eólica e energia solar, 3,4 as quais vêm se destacando pela abundância das fontes e potencial o que permite sua aplicação de maneira eficiente. A produção de energia por meio de células solares é uma alternativa para levar energia a diversas regiões do país, e, assim, estudos vêm sendo realizados e tecnologias têm sido amplamente testadas para produzir dispositivos fotovoltaicos que são aplicados na conversão da luz solar em eletricidade com mais eficiência. Dentre os materiais possíveis para aplicação em células solares, os pontos quânticos (PQs) têm atraído muito interesse em função, principalmente, de suas propriedades ópticas dependentes do tamanho das nanopartículas. 5Os pontos quânticos de semicondutores são constituídos de partículas nanocristalinas e apresentam diâmetro variando entre 1 e 10 nm, o que corresponde a, aproximadamente, entre 100 e 1000 átomos por nanopartícula. Atualmente, a sua aplicação em dispositivos fotovoltaicos têm se tornado objeto de estudo de vários grupos de pesquisa no mundo, uma vez que células solares sensibilizadas com esses materiais atingiram 11,3% de rendimento de conversão solar, em 2016, de acordo com o Laboratório Nacional de Energias Alternativas -NREL dos Estados Unidos. 6 Nos últimos anos, viram-se avanços conceituais e tecnológicos rápidos em vários aspectos de células solares à bas...

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Section: Células Solares De Homojunçãounclassified

Células solares sensibilizadas por pontos quânticos

Vitoreti¹,

Corrêa²,

Raphael³

et al. 2016

Quim. Nova

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Heterostructures within optoelectronic devices offer unique control of the electron and hole energy levels throughout the device 1–3 . For example, in photovoltaic (PV) devices, energy band engineering can enable better harvesting of photogenerated charge carriers 4–6 . This concept is especially prevalent in vapor deposited heterostructures using MOCVD and MBE of III–V semiconductors 7 as well as in sputtered or thermally evaporated systems such as CIGS where the composition at surfaces can be altered to promote a buried location for the actual p-n charge separating junction 8,9 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High efficiency perovskite quantum dot solar cells with charge separating heterostructure

et al. 2019

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Metal halide perovskite semiconductors possess outstanding characteristics for optoelectronic applications including but not limited to photovoltaics. Low-dimensional and nanostructured motifs impart added functionality which can be exploited further. Moreover, wider cation composition tunability and tunable surface ligand properties of colloidal quantum dot (QD) perovskites now enable unprecedented device architectures which differ from thin-film perovskites fabricated from solvated molecular precursors. Here, using layer-by-layer deposition of perovskite QDs, we demonstrate solar cells with abrupt compositional changes throughout the perovskite film. We utilize this ability to abruptly control composition to create an internal heterojunction that facilitates charge separation at the internal interface leading to improved photocarrier harvesting. We show how the photovoltaic performance depends upon the heterojunction position, as well as the composition of each component, and we describe an architecture that greatly improves the performance of perovskite QD photovoltaics.

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“…This has also led to the concept of quantum funnels, essentially the preparation of graded band gap using five QD layers and leveraging the fact that carriers will end up in the layer with the smallest band gap. This has resulted in improved fill factor, open-circuit voltage, and short-circuit current [217,235,236]. In addition, graded doping architectures have been used to improve device efficiency [237].…”

Section: Improving Drift Of Carriersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanostructured photovoltaics

2019

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In this review, we begin by discussing the need for harnessing renewable energy resources in the context of global energy demands. A summary of firstand second-generation solar cells, their efficiency and grid parity is provided, followed by the need to reduce material and installation costs, and achieve higher efficiencies beyond the Shockley-Queisser limit imposed on single junction cells. We also discuss the specific advantages offered by nanomaterials in enhanced energy harvesting, what design platforms comprise nanostructured photovoltaics, and list the prominent categories of nanomaterials used in the design of third generation solar cells. We review the significant nanostructured photovoltaic platforms that have encouraging power conversion efficiencies, have the potential for long term stability (both structural and functional) and have received attention in the field. In addition to their operational principle, we highlight both their advantages and shortcomings, along with insights into possible improvements. We include alternate routes to improving power conversion efficiency, not by tuning material properties to match the solar spectrum but using additives and/or structural modifications to allow more efficient harvesting of sunlight, either by reducing losses or by altering the spectral properties. The properties of nanomaterials that make them well-suited as active materials in photovoltaic devices (broadband absorption, high quantum yield, etc.) also make them ideal candidates for luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs). These devices also harvest solar energy, but instead of directly allowing charge generation, they act as downconverters for other photovoltaic cells. We review dye, thin film, and quantum dot based LSCs that have garnered a lot of attention in recent years as these devices face a resurgence given the advances in materials science and engineering which have led to novel quantum dots and hybrid semiconductors. The review ends with where the future of nanostructured photovoltaics is headed, what device designs and materials development are needed to achieve efficiencies beyond the Shockley-Queisser limits and fulfil the goal of the 3rd and 4th generation photovoltaics.

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Electric field engineering using quantum-size-effect-tuned heterojunctions

Abstract: Electric field engineering using quantum-size-effect-tuned heterojunctions KAUST Repository

Cited by 15 publications

References 25 publications

Células solares sensibilizadas por pontos quânticos

Células solares sensibilizadas por pontos quânticos

High efficiency perovskite quantum dot solar cells with charge separating heterostructure

Nanostructured photovoltaics

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