Electric-Field-Assisted Extraction of Garlic Polysaccharides via Experimental Transformer Device

Abstract

Using the mutual conversion between electric energy and magnetic energy, we designed and built an experimental device based on the o-core transformer structure for extraction of garlic polysaccharides. That is, an acidic solvent acted as the secondary coil conductor under the action of alternating magnetic flux and then induced an electric field in the biochemical medium (the sample and extractant) at 20-60 kHz. The polysaccharide yield improved, in comparison to the conventional heating method, when the excitation voltage applied on the primary coil was increased. Low pH helps to improve the polysaccharide yield due to the enhancement of the ionic conduction resulting from the induced electric field. However, the polysaccharide yield decreases with the increase of partial frequency due to the resulting decrease in the input power of the system. The orthogonal experiments showed that the excitation voltage, frequency, pH, and temperature all significantly affected the polysaccharide yield. The garlic polysaccharide extracted by using the induced electric field method had a DPPH radical scavenging ability and a ferric-reducing power. This novel system is a potential alternative for the extraction of garlic polysaccharides without the use of powered electrodes inserted into solutions, unlike other electric-field-assisted techniques.

Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Polysaccharides from Volvariella volvacea: Process Optimization and Structural Characterization

“…Recently, enzyme-assistance, pulsed electric fields, ultrasound and microwave irradiation have been proposed for extracting maximum amounts of mushroom polysaccharides [ 18 , 19 , 20 ]. Among these, ultrasound-assisted extraction has received wide interest due to its easy operation, less energy input and improved efficiency under mild reaction conditions [ 21 , 22 , 23 ].…”

Bioactive polysaccharides and oligosaccharides from garlic (Allium sativum L.): Production, physicochemical and biological properties, and structure–function relationships

“…Furthermore, using different extraction technologies/processes influences not only the yield of extracted polysaccharides but also their composition and physicochemical properties. The application of excitation voltages at 100 V, 200 V, and 300 V (under 20 kHz, pH 3, and 55°C) for 30 min was found to cause 79.59%, 93.34%, and 116.51% increases, respectively, in the polysaccharide yield compared with the control group (0 V), due to the large‐scale destruction and plasmolysis that happened in garlic cell membranes (Yang et al., 2016). Furthermore, higher 1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)· scavenging ability and ferric‐reducing power were obtained after an electric field‐assisted extraction, compared with those obtained by the conventional method (Yang et al., 2016).…”

“…The application of excitation voltages at 100 V, 200 V, and 300 V (under 20 kHz, pH 3, and 55°C) for 30 min was found to cause 79.59%, 93.34%, and 116.51% increases, respectively, in the polysaccharide yield compared with the control group (0 V), due to the large‐scale destruction and plasmolysis that happened in garlic cell membranes (Yang et al., 2016). Furthermore, higher 1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)· scavenging ability and ferric‐reducing power were obtained after an electric field‐assisted extraction, compared with those obtained by the conventional method (Yang et al., 2016). Recently, a three‐phase partitioning system (composed of t ‐butanol, (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 , and crude water extract solution) along with gradient ethanol precipitation was developed to extract and isolate the polysaccharides from raw garlic ( A. sativum L.) bulbs (Yan et al., 2021).…”

A new source of galactomannan isolated from Gleditsia caspica (Persian honey locust) seeds: Extraction and comprehensive characterization

“…The obtained result was lower than values delineated for polysaccharide obtained from Epimedium acuminatum (65.15%-83.23%) (Cheng et al, 2013), galactomannan obtained from Trigonella foenumgraceum (fenugreek) (58.47%-88.73%) (Niknam, Ghanbarzadeh, et al, 2020;Niknam, Mousavi, et al, 2020), Plantago major seed gum (34.10 ± 0.19%) (Niknam, Ghanbarzadeh, et al, 2020;Niknam, Mousavi, et al, 2020), and polysaccharide obtained from Berberis dasystachya Maxim (62.37% at 12 mg/ml) (Han et al, 2016). The fundamental mechanism of this activity of obtained galactomannan might be affiliated with the electron release or hydrogen donation into free radicals from numerous hydroxyl groups in the conformation of hydrocolloid that ceases the radical chain reaction (Yang et al, 2016).…”