Electric energy management in residential areas through coordination of multiple smart homes

Abstract

Grid modernization through philosophies such as the Smart Grid has the potential to meet increasing demand and integrate new distributed generation resources at the same time. Using advanced communication and computing capabilities, the Smart Grid offers a new avenue of controlling end-user assets, including small units such as home appliances. To enable such evolution, shifting from centralized to decentralized control strategies is required. Effective demand-side management (DSM) and demand response (DR) approaches hold the promise for efficient energy management in homes and neighborhood areas, by enabling the precise control of resources to reduce net demand. However, with such strategies, independently taken decisions can cause undesired effects such as rebound peaks, contingencies, and instabilities in the network. Therefore, the interactions between the energy management actions of multiple households is a challenging issue in the Smart Grid. This paper provides a review of the background of residential load modeling with DR and DSM approaches in a single household and concepts of coordinating mechanisms in a neighborhood area. The objective of this paper is to classify, via comparison, the various coordination structures and techniques from recent research. The results of recent research in the field reveal that the coordination of energy management in multiple households can benefit both the utility (i.e., the service provider) and the customer. The paper concludes with a discussion on the prevalent critical issues in this area.

Energy management system for smart grid: An overview and key issues

“…In fully independent structure, communication between local controllers is independent of a central entity. While in the partially independent mode of operation, the local controllers communicate with each other and also with the central entity . The redundancy of controllers and communication contribute higher reliability in a decentralized EMS architecture as compared with centralized EMS architecture.…”

“…While in the partially independent mode of operation, the local controllers communicate with each other and also with the central entity. 49 The redundancy of controllers and communication contribute higher reliability in a decentralized EMS architecture as compared with centralized EMS architecture. Centralized EMS provides global optimization hence provides a reduction in total operating cost with consideration of all constraints, while local optimization in decentralized EMS will not be able to provide a solution for minimization of total operating cost as a whole.…”

Internet of Things Applications as Energy Internet in Smart Grids and Smart Environments

“…The combination of smart devices such as SMs, distributed energy resources (DERs), loads, and energy storage devices form a typical NAN structure. The SMs that offer the two-way wireless communication feature are very important components of the NANs [50,52,53]. As can be seen from Figure 2, the collected data from several networks are conveyed to monitor and control centers, thanks to gateways.…”

The challenging paradigm of interrelated energy systems towards a more sustainable future

“…An alternative approach is then to manage the energy consumption, in order to compensate fluctuations, avoiding the need of new, most of the times stranded, supply capacity [124][125][126]. Recently, Celik et al [134] stated that while the impact of DR at the household level is well studied, it still needs to be further investigated at a larger scale, e.g. neighbourhood level.…”

“…Recently, Celik et al [134] provided a review on residential load modelling in a single home and concepts of coordinating mechanisms for multiple homes.…”