Financial capacity and financial exploitation assessment in older adults is a topic of debate in modern societies, given the economic, medical, legal, and ethical implications. Healthcare professionals, legal professionals, older individuals (healthy as well as patients suffering from neurocognitive disorders), family members/informal and/or formal caregivers, and the state are all involved in this complex process. This chapter explores the theoretical models on which relevant neuropsychological instruments have been proposed and are used in different cultural settings. In addition to that, factors that can predict financial capacity performance are presented and an attempt is made to propose relevant assessment protocols by taking into consideration up-to-to-date knowledge on this topic.