Elastomer-filler interactions and the rheology of filled rubber compounds

Leblanc, Jean L.

doi:10.1002/1097-4628(20001121)78:8<1541::aid-app110>3.0.co;2-1

Cited by 74 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(19 reference statements)

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“…A variety of different magnitude of epoxidation (5,10,30, and 50 mol%) of BR were conducted using modified protocol (Scheme 1) [27].…”

Section: Synthesis Of Epoxidized Polybutadiene Rubber (Ebr)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…• epoxidation of tire-grade high cis-polybutadiene rubber (5,10,30, and 50 mol% epoxidation) to prepare the epoxidized polybutadiene rubber (EBR); • evaluation of compatibilizing efficacy of thus synthesized EBR in silica-filled SBR/BR blend at various epoxidation levels and loadings; • comparative study of EBR as a compatibilizer with commercially used silanes like bis(triethoxy-silylpropyl) tetrasulphide (TESPT) and 3-amino propyl trimethoxy silane (APS).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synthesis and utilization of epoxidized polybutadiene rubber as an alternate compatibilizer in green-tire composites

et al. 2017

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In the present study, epoxidized polybutadiene rubber (EBR) was synthesized from commercial-grade cispolybutadiene rubber (BR) and was characterized by NMR, FTIR, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis and surface energy by contact angle measurement. To circumvent the drawback of the existing compatibilizers, the EBR was successfully used as an alternate compatibilizer for a silica-based 'green-tire' composite. The significant rise of surface energy was observed after epoxidation of BR, which represents the enhancement of the polar character of the rubber chains and eventually leads to improved compatibility between silica fillers and rubber chains. Out of various epoxidation levels, EBR with 30 mol% epoxidation showed the best compatibilizing effect. The optimum loading of EBR was found to be 12% with respect to total silica content. Apart from using EBR alone as a compatibilizer, combination of EBR with commercial silane-coupling agents, namely, bis(triethoxy-silylpropyl) tetrasulphide (TESPT) and 3-aminopropyltrimethoxy silane, was also investigated. The physico-mechanical and dynamic properties of the compounds with a combination of were comparable with those of the compound prepared using TESPT compatibilizer. The results observed with EBR-compatibilized samples revealed that EBR has a potential to be an effective compatibilizer which eventually could minimize the drawbacks associated while using commercial silane as a compatibilizer at the industrial scale.

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“…A variety of different magnitude of epoxidation (5,10,30, and 50 mol%) of BR were conducted using modified protocol (Scheme 1) [27].…”

Section: Synthesis Of Epoxidized Polybutadiene Rubber (Ebr)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and utilization of epoxidized polybutadiene rubber as an alternate compatibilizer in green-tire composites

et al. 2017

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“…The introduction of tube model not only allows to reveal non-isotropic crosslink fluctuations to all chain segments of the network via constraining virtual tubes around the network chains, but also enables proper crosslink separation and constraint contribution to stress-strain behavior. Although the tube model has reliability in investigating stress-strain behavior to determine the network parameters of the unfilled rubber, it is not applicable in depicting the filled rubber network because of its complexity [23]. Funt [24] first proposed an entanglement bound rubber tube (EBT) model to describe the contribution of entanglement, which extends tube model to the filled system.…”

Section: H Fu Y H Zhan N Yan H S Xiamentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparative investigation on strain induced crystallization for graphene and carbon nanotubes filled natural rubber composites

Fu¹,

Zhan²,

Yan³

et al. 2015

Express Polym. Lett.

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Abstract. Natural rubber containing graphene and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) composites were prepared by ultrasonicallyassisted latex mixing. Natural rubber filled by both graphene and CNTs show significant enhanced tensile strength, while graphene exhibits a better reinforcing effect than CNTs. Strain-induced crystallization in natural rubber composites during stretching was determined by synchrotron wide-angle X-ray diffraction. With the addition of CNTs or graphene, the crystallization for natural rubber occurs at a lower strain compared to unfilled natural rubber, and the strain amplification effects were observed. The incorporation of graphene results in a faster strain-induced crystallization rate and a higher crystallinity compared to CNTs. The entanglement-bound rubber tube model was used to analyze the chain network structure and determine the network parameters of composites. The results show that the addition of graphene or CNTs has an influence on the molecular network structure and improves the contribution of entanglement to the conformational constraint, while graphene has a more marked effect than CNTs.

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“…filler-rubber interaction, 37,38 filler-filler interaction, 39 , and formation of crosslinks in rubber. 10,12 Silicas differ from carbon blacks in many ways.…”

Section: Effect Of the Fillers On The Rubber Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of various efficient vulcanization cure systems on the compression set of a nitrile rubber filled with different fillers

Movahed

Ansarifar

Mirzaie

2014

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Effect of various efficient vulcanization (EV) sulfur cure systems on the compression set of a nitrile rubber filled with carbon black and silica/silane fillers was examined. The cure systems had different amounts of thiuram and sulfenamide accelerators and elemental sulfur, whilst the loading of zinc oxide and stearic acid activators was kept constant. The fillers had surface areas from 35 to 175 m2/g. In this study, the lowest compression set was measured for the rubber filled with carbon black with 78 m2/g surface area, which was cured with an EV cure system made of a small amount of elemental sulfur and large amounts of the two accelerators. Interestingly, a small change in the amount of elemental sulfur had a bigger effect on the compression set than did large changes in the loading of the accelerators in the cure system. Among the fillers, carbon black caused less compression set of the rubber vulcanizate than the silica/silane system did. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 41512.

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Elastomer-filler interactions and the rheology of filled rubber compounds

Cited by 74 publications

References 19 publications

Synthesis and utilization of epoxidized polybutadiene rubber as an alternate compatibilizer in green-tire composites

Synthesis and utilization of epoxidized polybutadiene rubber as an alternate compatibilizer in green-tire composites

A comparative investigation on strain induced crystallization for graphene and carbon nanotubes filled natural rubber composites

Effect of various efficient vulcanization cure systems on the compression set of a nitrile rubber filled with different fillers

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