Elastomer-Based Skin for Seamless Morphing of Adaptive Wings

Schorsch, Oliver; Lühring, Andreas; Nagel, Christoph

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-22413-8_10

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Within the selected temperature range, the compliant skin showed excellent fatigue resistance and stability of interfaces (polymer-polymer and polymer-aluminium) [39,40]. Also, good stability against moisture and hydraulic fluid was confirmed by testing [39]. The measured initial elastic moduli of the flexible foam were between 2.30 MPa and 3.97 MPa within the operational temperature range.…”

Section: Damping Properties' Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…The whole manufacturing process is detailed in [38]. The structural robustness of the skin was appraised through mechanical tests and wind tunnel tests [39]. Within the selected temperature range, the compliant skin showed excellent fatigue resistance and stability of interfaces (polymer-polymer and polymer-aluminium) [39,40].…”

Section: Damping Properties' Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Each T-joint contained a compliant skin material volume of 30 × 35 × 10 mm 3 (chord length × span × thickness) and was loaded in the chord-wise direction. More details of the T-joint geometry have been published in [39,40]. A displacement-controlled, ramped cyclic test with a constant crosshead speed of 0.3 mm/s was chosen in order to match the specific operating conditions (see Figure 12).…”

Section: Damping Properties' Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Static and Dynamic Performance of a Morphing Trailing Edge Concept with High-Damping Elastomeric Skin

et al. 2019

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Nature has many striking examples of adaptive structures: the emulation of birds’ flight is the true challenge of a morphing wing. The integration of increasingly innovative technologies, such as reliable kinematic mechanisms, embedded servo-actuation and smart materials systems, enables us to realize new structural systems fully compatible with the more and more stringent airworthiness requirements. In this paper, the authors describe the characterization of an adaptive structure, representative of a wing trailing edge, consisting of a finger-like rib mechanism with a highly deformable skin, which comprises both soft and stiff parts. The morphing skin is able to follow the trailing edge movement under repeated cycles, while being stiff enough to preserve its shape under aerodynamic loads and adequately pliable to minimize the actuation power required for morphing. In order to properly characterize the system, a mock-up was manufactured whose structural properties, in particular the ability to carry out loads, were also guaranteed by the elastic skin. A numerical sensitivity analysis with respect to the mechanical properties of the multi-segment skin was performed to investigate their influence on the modal response of the whole system. Experimental dynamic tests were then carried out and the obtained results were critically analysed to prove the adequacy of the adopted design approaches as well as to quantify the dissipative (high-damping) effects induced by the rubber foam on the dynamic response of the morphing architecture.

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Section: Damping Properties' Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Damping Properties' Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Damping Properties' Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Static and Dynamic Performance of a Morphing Trailing Edge Concept with High-Damping Elastomeric Skin

et al. 2019

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“…These challenging targets may be well addressed by the innovative piezoresistive materials, which should then be integrated in responsive sensor networks. Non-conventional properties are requested, including the capability of undergoing large deformations (around 5%), [5,6], and durability into harsh environmental conditions (temperature range -50 ÷ 80 °C, RH up to 100%, severe pressure excursions and many other aspects) [7]. In order to fulfil these designing requisites and overcome the difficulties linked with the large number of needed elements, lightweight piezo-resistive materials, sprayed directly on the surfaces of the structural systems to be observed and capable of experiencing very large deformation without affecting their usability appear as an extremely promising solution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Innovative Graphene-PDMS sensors for aerospace applications

Piscitelli¹,

Rollo²,

Scherillo³

et al. 2019

Adv. Mater. Lett.

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For aerospace morphing and deployable applications, the use of PDMS-based sensors is crucial because they are characterized by easy application on large surfaces, light design, very large deformations, and durability in harsh environmental conditions. In this contest, the goal of the present work is to manufacture innovative, highly deformable, piezoresistive sensors, manufactured by using a simplified and scalable method for the applications on large-area, such as the airplane wings. To this end, an ad-hoc polymeric matrix was designed by crosslinking Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) oligomers OH terminated with siloxane domains, obtained from hydrolysis and condensation of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS). In particular, the solution of siloxanes domains precursors contributes to lower the viscosity without any solvents and to create, after curing, a fine crosslinked system which could withstand high deformation. Nanocomposites with graphene (6 ÷ 15 wt%) were prepared by dispersing the filler into the polymeric precursor by adopting both magnetic stirring and sonication. Regardless the dispersion method and the filler concentration, few-layers of graphene coexists with large aggregations, and the electrical conductivity and the Gauge Factor increase as the graphene content increases. It was found that the graphene filler tends to hinder the evaporation of solvents developed during the crosslinking reactions, generating porosity and enhancing conductivity. A better filler dispersion obtained through sonication reduces the conductivity. All nanocomposites show a good linear relationship between the strain and the relative electrical resistance change, since the non-linearity remains below the 5%, and quite no-drift can be observed in a wide operative range.

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“…Inspired by a "fingerlike" mechanism, as shown in Fig. 1, this mechanism was already successfully validated on both a full-scale morphing wing trailing edge [14, p. 22], [15, p. 23], [16] and aileron demonstrators [17][18][19]. However, for the purposes of this research, the morphing trailing edge mechanism was reengineered to allow for easier manufacturing and assembly in the absence of the morphing skins and other parts while remaining fully representative of the actual subassembly design.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonlinear Dynamic Analysis of a Shape Changing Fingerlike Mechanism for Morphing Wings

Singh

Wielgus

Dimino

et al. 2021

Nonlinear Structures &Amp; Systems, Volume 1

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Morphing wings have great potential to dramatically improve the efficiency of future generations of aircraft and to reduce noise and emissions. Among many camber morphing wing concepts, shape changing fingerlike mechanisms consist of components, such as torsion bars, bushings, bearings, and joints, all of which exhibit damping and stiffness nonlinearities that are dependent on excitation amplitude. These nonlinearities make the dynamic response difficult to model accurately with traditional simulation approaches. As a result, at high excitation levels, linear finite element models may be inaccurate, and a nonlinear modeling approach is required to capture the necessary physics. This work seeks to better understand the influence of nonlinearity on the effective damping and natural frequency of the morphing wing through the use of quasi-static modal analysis and model reduction techniques that employ multipoint constraints (i.e., spider elements). With over 500,000 elements and 39 frictional contact surfaces, this represents one of the most complicated models to which these methods have been applied to date. The results to date are summarized and lessons learned are highlighted.

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Elastomer-Based Skin for Seamless Morphing of Adaptive Wings

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Static and Dynamic Performance of a Morphing Trailing Edge Concept with High-Damping Elastomeric Skin

Static and Dynamic Performance of a Morphing Trailing Edge Concept with High-Damping Elastomeric Skin

Innovative Graphene-PDMS sensors for aerospace applications

Nonlinear Dynamic Analysis of a Shape Changing Fingerlike Mechanism for Morphing Wings

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