Elasticity of soft tissues in simple elongation

Fung, Y. C.

doi:10.1152/ajplegacy.1967.213.6.1532

Cited by 948 publications

(655 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Next the segment was conditioned by slowly inflating, then deflating the segment between 20 and 180 mmHg at a rate of about 1 mmHg s-' to remove passive smooth muscle tone (Cox, 1975). A 'stable' pressure-diameter hysteresis-loop was usually obtained after three to five inflation-deflation cycles as found by others (Remington, 1955;Bergel, 1961a; Fung, 1967;Cox, 1975). Pressure was then increased in 20 mmHg steps from 20 to 180 mmHg and deflated similarly (see Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 72%

The static elastic properties of 45 human thoracic and 20 abdominal aortas in vitro and the parameters of a new model

Langewouters

Wesseling

Goedhard³

1984

Journal of Biomechanics

497

305

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 72%

The static elastic properties of 45 human thoracic and 20 abdominal aortas in vitro and the parameters of a new model

Langewouters

Wesseling

Goedhard³

1984

Journal of Biomechanics

497

305

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“…The strong stiffening effect of the tissue observed at higher loadings is almost entirely due to collagen fibres and motivates the use of an exponential function for the description of the strain energy stored in the collagen fibres, as originally proposed by Fung (1967). Thus, as in Holzapfel et al (2000a), we take 22) where k 1 > 0 is a stress-like material parameter and k 2 > 0 is a dimensionless parameter.…”

Section: (B) Specific Strain-energy Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Constitutive modelling of arteries

2010

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This review article is concerned with the mathematical modelling of the mechanical properties of the soft biological tissues that constitute the walls of arteries. Many important aspects of the mechanical behaviour of arterial tissue can be treated on the basis of elasticity theory, and the focus of the article is therefore on the constitutive modelling of the anisotropic and highly nonlinear elastic properties of the artery wall. The discussion focuses primarily on developments over the last decade based on the theory of deformation invariants, in particular invariants that in part capture structural aspects of the tissue, specifically the orientation of collagen fibres, the dispersion in the orientation, and the associated anisotropy of the material properties. The main features of the relevant theory are summarized briefly and particular forms of the elastic strain-energy function are discussed and then applied to an artery considered as a thickwalled circular cylindrical tube in order to illustrate its extension-inflation behaviour. The wide range of applications of the constitutive modelling framework to artery walls in both health and disease and to the other fibrous soft tissues is discussed in detail. Since the main modelling effort in the literature has been on the passive response of arteries, this is also the concern of the major part of this article. A section is nevertheless devoted to reviewing the limited literature within the continuum mechanics framework on the active response of artery walls, i.e. the mechanical behaviour associated with the activation of smooth muscle, a very important but also very challenging topic that requires substantial further development. A final section provides a brief summary of the current state of arterial wall mechanical modelling and points to key areas that need further modelling effort in order to improve understanding of the biomechanics and mechanobiology of arteries and other soft tissues, from the molecular, to the cellular, tissue and organ levels.

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“…All displacements and loads were recorded and a loadldeformation (stress-strain) curve was generated from the data. The dynamic modulus for each sample was determined from the slope of the linear region of the stress-strain curve [8,34]. Stress-relaxation testing was then performed to determine the equilibriuni modulus [8,34].…”

Section: Biothrmistrj Onrl D N a C O N T M Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The dynamic modulus for each sample was determined from the slope of the linear region of the stress-strain curve [8,34]. Stress-relaxation testing was then performed to determine the equilibriuni modulus [8,34]. Five steps of displacement were run with the mechanical tester stage hcld still between each step to allow the specimen to relax and reach eqiiilibriuni between each displacement step.…”

Section: Biothrmistrj Onrl D N a C O N T M Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acceleration of cartilage repair by genetically modified chondrocytes over expressing bone morphogenetic protein‐7

Hidaka

Goodrich

Chen

et al. 2003

Journal Orthopaedic Research

170

127

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Abstract. Buc,kgrouiit/ Cartilage has a limited capacity to heal. Although chondrocyte transplantation is a useful therapeutic strategy, the repair process can be lengthy. Previously we have shown that over expression of bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP-7) in chondrocytes by adenovirus-mediated gene transfer leads to increased matrix synthesis and cartilage-like tissue formation in vitro. In this context we hypothesized that implantation of genetically modified chondrocytes expressing BMP-7 would accelerate the formation of hyaline-like repair tissue in an equine model of cartilage defect repair.Met/io(l.s: Chondrocytes treated with adenovirus vector encoding BMP-7 (AdBMP-7) or as control. an adenovirus vector encoding an irrelevant gene (Esdierichiu coli cytosine deaminase, AdCD) were implanted into extensive ( I5 mm diameter) articular cartilage defects in the patellofemoral joints of 10 horses. Biopsies were performed to evaluate early healing at 4 weeks. At the terminal time point of 8 months, repairs were assessed for morphology, MRI appearance, compressive strength, biochemical composition and persistence of implanted cells.Residts: Four weeks after surgery AdBMP-7-treated repairs showed an increased level of BMP-7 expression and accelerated healing, with markedly more hyaline-like morphology than control. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of the repair tissue 8 months after surgery showed that few implanted cells persisted. By this time, the controls had healed similarly to the AdBMP-7-treated defects, and no difference was detected in the morphologic, biochemical or biomechanical properties of the repair tissues from the two treatment groups.Conc/ir.siorzs: Implantation of genetically modified chondrocytes expressing BMP-7 accelerates the appearance of hyaline-like repair tissue in experimental cartilage defects.Clinical rele[wxx>: Rehabilitation after cell-based cartilage repair can be prolonged, leading to decreased patient productivity and quality of life. This study shows the feasibility of using genetically modified chondrocytes to accelerate cartilage healing.

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Elasticity of soft tissues in simple elongation

Cited by 948 publications

References 10 publications

The static elastic properties of 45 human thoracic and 20 abdominal aortas in vitro and the parameters of a new model

The static elastic properties of 45 human thoracic and 20 abdominal aortas in vitro and the parameters of a new model

Constitutive modelling of arteries

Acceleration of cartilage repair by genetically modified chondrocytes over expressing bone morphogenetic protein‐7

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