Elastic and thermoelastic properties of selected organic crystals: acenaphthene, trans-azobenzene, benzophenone, tolane, trans-stilbene, dibenzyl, diphenyl sulfone, 2,2´-biphenol, urea, melamine, hexogen, succinimide, pentaerythritol, urotropine, malonic acid, dimethyl malonic acid, maleic acid, hippuric acid, aluminium acetylacetonate, iron acetylacetonate, and tetraphenyl silicon

Haussühl, S.

doi:10.1524/zkri.216.6.339.20342

Cited by 58 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…7 However, we note that similar discrepancies between ISTS results and Brillouin scattering results 22 were observed in our previous work on RDX. 9 In the case of RDX, our ISTS results were consistent with results obtained using both the ultrasonic method 23 and resonant ultrasound spectroscopy. 24 Because significant differences have now been observed for two different energetic crystals ͑RDX and ␤-HMX͒ between the results using Brillouin scattering measurements and the results using all other methods, additional work is needed to understand why the elastic constants from Brillouin scattering measurements are so different.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…8 However, our elastic constants differ significantly from the those determined previously using Brillouin scattering data. 7 Because large differences between the Brillouin scatterings results and all other methods have now been observed for both ␤-HMX and RDX, 9,[22][23][24] additional work is needed to understand why the Brillouin scattering results are so different. Our results for ␤-HMX demonstrate that the ISTS method, with optical heterodyne detection, provides an accurate and efficient approach for determining the full set of elastic constants for low-symmetry molecular crystals, including energetic crystals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determination of second-order elastic constants of cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine (β-HMX) using impulsive stimulated thermal scattering

Sun

Winey

Gupta

et al. 2009

Journal of Applied Physics

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Second-order elastic constants of pentaerythritol tetranitrate and cyclotrimethylene trinitramine using impulsive stimulated thermal scattering J. Appl. Phys.The second-order elastic constants for cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine ͑␤-HMX͒ single crystals were determined using the impulsive stimulated thermal scattering ͑ISTS͒ method. Despite the low symmetry of these crystals, the complete set of 13 elastic constants were determined accurately from acoustic velocity measurements using samples cut parallel to three different crystal planes. Our acoustic velocities are consistent with the limited sound speed data available from ultrasonic measurements. However, significant differences are observed between the elastic constants determined from our experiments and those obtained previously using Brillouin scattering. Our results demonstrate the usefulness and efficiency of the ISTS method for determining the full set of elastic constants of low-symmetry molecular crystals, including energetic crystals.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of second-order elastic constants of cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine (β-HMX) using impulsive stimulated thermal scattering

Sun

Winey

Gupta

et al. 2009

Journal of Applied Physics

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“…4,5 For cyclotrimethylene trinitramine ͑RDX͒, P-E, two separate RUS measurements, and ISS compare well, while Brillouin scattering yielded values significantly stiffer overall than the other measurements. [5][6][7][8][9] ISS and Brillouin measurements for cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine ͑HMX͒ do not agree well with each other ͑Brillouin values softer͒, or with a separate partial determination by ISS. [10][11][12] These disparities motivated this research to understand whether the variance is a consequence of sample variation, including purity, inherent or induced defects, or another physical mechanism.…”

mentioning

confidence: 85%

“…[4][5][6][7] Disparity remains in comparing the separate C ij results although our emphasis is between Brillouin and RUS results where same-sample measurement reduces random error.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparative evaluation of elasticity in pentaerythritol tetranitrate using Brillouin scattering and resonant ultrasound spectroscopy

Stevens

Hooks

Migliori

2010

Journal of Applied Physics

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Elastic tensors for organic molecular crystals vary significantly among different measurements. To understand better the origin of these differences, Brillouin scattering and resonant ultrasound spectroscopy measurements were made on the same specimen for single crystal pentaerythritol tetranitrate. The results differ significantly despite mitigation of sample-dependent contributions to errors. The frequency dependence and vibrational modes probed for both measurements are discussed in relation to the observed tensor variance.The elastic stiffness tensor ͑C ij ͒ for organic, molecular crystals provides insight into ordering and molecular interactions, assists in understanding of other physical behaviors, and directs model development for industrially-important processes. This is true for materials relevant to diverse applications, including pharmaceutical, optoelectronic, and energetic materials. Complete C ij determinations are sparse for organic molecular crystals and comparative analyses are limited to a disconnected, study-by-study basis with little interpretation of variance. Compared C ij measurements for a few of these materials reveals large ͑tens of percent͒, nonsystematic variations. With no obvious correlation to the material or measurement technique, differences have been ascribed to potential sample purity and processing variations.Spanning orders of magnitude in frequency and volume, several techniques are available for the determination of C ij as follows: resonant ultrasound spectroscopy ͑RUS͒, 1 pulseecho ultrasound ͑P-E͒, impulsive stimulated scattering ͑ISS͒, 2 and Brillouin scattering. 3 For three energetic materials, there have been several reported C ij determinations. For pentaerythritol tetranitrate ͑PETN͒, P-E, and ISS measurements compare well. 4,5 For cyclotrimethylene trinitramine ͑RDX͒, P-E, two separate RUS measurements, and ISS compare well, while Brillouin scattering yielded values significantly stiffer overall than the other measurements. 5-9 ISS and Brillouin measurements for cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine ͑HMX͒ do not agree well with each other ͑Brillouin values softer͒, or with a separate partial determination by ISS. 10-12 These disparities motivated this research to understand whether the variance is a consequence of sample variation, including purity, inherent or induced defects, or another physical mechanism.Here, C ij for PETN was determined on the same crystalline sample by Brillouin scattering and RUS. PETN is an ideal system for this study given the tetragonal symmetry ͑P-421c͒, 13 facile crystal growth, nearly isotropic optical indicatrix and the previously published C ij determinations for added comparison. PETN crystals were grown by evaporation from ethyl acetate over approximately two weeks. The harvested crystal was approximately 1 ϫ 1 ϫ 0.25 cm 3 , colorless, un-twinned, and well-formed, exhibiting the common ͕110͖ family of faces as verified by X-ray diffraction.This crystal was used as-is for all Brillouin scattering experiments. Brillouin-scattering freque...

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“…Elastic constants have been obtained through Brillouin scattering [52], resonant ultrasound [53], and impulsive stimulated thermal scattering [42]. In this work, we choose the nine elastic coefficients obtained from resonant ultrasound [53] and temperature and pressure derivatives obtained from molecular dynamics simulations [54] (Table 7). The bulk modulus and its pressure derivatives for Birch-Murnaghan EOS are taken from Conroy et al [55] ( Table 8).…”

Section: Parameters Calibrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Anisotropic Elastoviscoplasticity Model of Thermomechanical Responses of Shocked β‐HMX and α‐RDX Single Crystals

Wang

Huang

et al. 2019

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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An anisotropic elastoviscoplasticity constitutive model for β‐cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine (β‐HMX) and α‐cyclotrimethylene trinitramine single crystals (α‐RDX) is developed to analyze the thermomechanical responses under shock loading. The model considers nonlinear, pressure and temperature dependent elasticity, and dislocation‐based plasticity which incorporate regenerative multiplication and heterogeneous nucleation mechanisms. The proposed model is calibrated against experimental wave profiles of (011), (010), (100), (1‾11) , (011‾) and (111‾) orientations of HMX single crystals and (210), (100), (111‾) , (21‾0) and (111) orientations of RDX single crystals. The model can well capture elastoplastic double wave structure, stress relaxation after the Hugoniot elastic limit as well as the arrival of plastic wave. Moreover, pressure, accumulated shear strain, and temperature contours of both HMX and RDX show obvious anisotropy and non‐uniform spatial distribution, which is explained by analyzing dislocation activity with corresponding resolved shear stress on slip systems. Results provide insights into understanding ignition mechanisms and predicting ignition sensitivity of explosive single crystals as well as polymer bonded explosives at the mesoscale.

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Cited by 58 publications

References 24 publications

Determination of second-order elastic constants of cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine (β-HMX) using impulsive stimulated thermal scattering

Determination of second-order elastic constants of cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine (β-HMX) using impulsive stimulated thermal scattering

A comparative evaluation of elasticity in pentaerythritol tetranitrate using Brillouin scattering and resonant ultrasound spectroscopy

An Anisotropic Elastoviscoplasticity Model of Thermomechanical Responses of Shocked β‐HMX and α‐RDX Single Crystals

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